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LOWER EXTREMITY INJURIES

LOWER EXTREMITY INJURIES. Objective 3: Recognize common injuries to the lower extremity…. Anatomy. Bones Femur Patella Tibia Tibial Tuberosity Medial Malleolus Fibula Lateral Malleolus. Anatomy. Bones Tarsals Calcaneus Talus Metatarsals Phalanges. Anatomy. Joints - Knee

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LOWER EXTREMITY INJURIES

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  1. LOWER EXTREMITY INJURIES Objective 3: Recognize common injuries to the lower extremity…

  2. Anatomy • Bones • Femur • Patella • Tibia • Tibial Tuberosity • Medial Malleolus • Fibula • Lateral Malleolus

  3. Anatomy • Bones • Tarsals • Calcaneus • Talus • Metatarsals • Phalanges

  4. Anatomy • Joints - Knee • Tibiofemoral – allows knee flexion/extension • Patellofemoral

  5. Anatomy • Joints – Foot & ankle • Tibiotalar (ankle joint) • Allows plantar and dorsiflexion • Subtalar • Joint between talus and calcaneus • Allows inversion and eversion • Midfoot – where tarsals meet metatarsals • Metatarsal Phalengeal (MP) • Allows toe flexion and extension • Interphalengeal (PIP & DIP) • Allows flexion and extension of toe segments

  6. Anatomy – Soft Tissues • Menisci of the knee • Lateral Meniscus – Joint cartilage that deepens the knee joint. • Medial Meniscus – Joint cartilage that deepens the knee joint . Has a deep attachment to the MCL. • Outer 1/3 has a blood supply, rest is avascular.

  7. Anatomy – Soft Tissues • Ligaments of Knee • Medial Collateral (MCL) • Resists valgus forces • Lateral Collateral (LCL) • Resists varus forces • Anterior Cruciate (ACL) • Resists anterior translation of the tibia • Posterior Cruciate (PCL) • Resists posterior translation of the tibia

  8. Anatomy – Soft Tissues • Major Tendons • Patellar Tendon – attaches the quadricep muscles to the tibia • Achilles Tendon – attaches the calf muscles to the calcaneus

  9. Anatomy – Soft Tissues • Ankle Ligaments • Anterior Tibiofibular – resists forced dorsiflexion and rotation of the talus • Anterior Talofibular – resists plantarflexion and inversion forces • Deltoid – resists eversion forces

  10. Anatomy – Muscles

  11. Anatomy – Muscles

  12. Common Injuries Thigh Contusion

  13. Common Injuries Muscle Strains – Quadricep/Hamstring

  14. Common Injuries MCL Sprain

  15. Common Injuries LCL Sprain

  16. Common Injuries ACL Sprain ACL Injury Video

  17. Common Injuries PCL Sprain

  18. Common Injuries Medial Meniscus Injury and Surgery Video Link Meniscus Tear

  19. Common Injuries Patellar Subluxation/Dislocation

  20. Common Injuries Patellar Tendinitis – “Jumper’s Knee”

  21. Common Injuries Patellofemoral Syndrome

  22. Common Injuries Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome – “Shin Splints”

  23. Common Injuries Ankle Sprains – Lateral/Medial

  24. Common Injuries Plantar Fasciitis

  25. Common Injuries “Turf Toe”

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