Chapter 16 Nouns and Pronouns

Chapter 16Nouns and Pronouns

Student Objectives for the Day • Complete Journal Prompt #2. • Complete Vocabulary Words of the Week. • Introduction and discussion to Chapter 16, Section 1 with accompanying exercises.

Journal Prompt #2 • Do you believe in love at first sight? Explain. (20 minutes)

Vocabulary of the WeekMon., Aug. 19, to Fri., Aug. 23, 2013 • Please define each and use in a sentence. • accentuate • bamboozle • pulverize • recede • guru

Introduction to CH16.S1 • Interest Grabber • [Person] went to [place] to find a [thing] because [person] believed in [idea, action, condition, or quality]. • What do the words in the brackets have in common? • They’re NOUNS!

What are nouns? • Definition: A noun is a word that names a person, place, or thing. • Do ‘things’ only apply to physical things? • No, it includes ideas, actions, conditions, and qualities. See examples on page 342. • What are the types of nouns? • Common and proper nouns • Collective nouns • Compound nouns

Let’s try an exercise. Identify the four nouns. Label each as a person, place, or thing. • scientist • thorax • eat • technician • forest • direct

Collective Nouns • Definition:Collective nouns name groups of people or things. • Examples: swarm, herd, family • Are collective nouns the same as plural nouns? No, they are not always plural. • Example: Family is a collective noun; plural form is families.

Compound Nouns • Definition: A compound noun is a noun that is made up of more than one word. • Three types of compound nouns: • Separated; hyphenated; combined • Let’s try an exercise: • Review Exercise 2 on page 343 (3 min).

Common and Proper Nouns • Definition: A common noun names any one of a class of people, places, or things. A proper noun names a specific person, place, or thing. • Simply put, proper nouns are capitalized; common nouns are not. • Let’s try Exercise 3 on page 344 together.

Objectives for the Day • Review and correct homework “CH16.S1 Nouns Practice #1”. • CH16.S1 Quiz based on Nouns • Introduction to CH16.S2 (Pronouns)

Interest Grabber • Sabrina unpacked Sabrina’s computer. Sabrina plugged the computer in and turned the computer on. Sabrina heard the computer make a noise. • Sabrina unpacked her computer. She plugged the computer in and turned it on. She heard it make a noise.

Pronouns • Definition: A pronoun is a word that stands for nouns or for words that take the place of nouns. • It avoids clumsy repetition. • Like the repetition of nouns, you wouldn’t to do so with pronouns. Let’s go back to that interest grabber… • Antecedents are nouns for which pronouns stand.

Recognizing Antecedents • Carnivals have varied their images over time. • Carnival • Many carnivals developed from festivals in Europe that were held every year. • festivals • They included markets where merchants sold their wares. • merchants

Classification of Pronouns • What are personal pronouns? • Refer to the person speaking (1st person) • The person spoken to (2nd person) • The person, place, or thing spoken about (3rd person)

Identify the personal pronoun and its antecedent. • Keiko and her family went to the carnival in the city this weekend. • her - Keiko • Her father went straight toward the Ferris wheel. • Her - Keiko • He told them that the first Ferris wheel was built by George W.G. Ferris. • He – father; them - family

Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns • Reflexive • Ends in –self or –selves and indicates that someone or something performs an action to, for, or upon itself. • Intensive • Ends in –self or –selves and simply adds emphasis to a noun or pronoun in the same sentence.

Distinguishing between Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns • Mardi Gras itself has become an event. • Itself - intensive • It was originally intended to allow people to enjoy themselves before a time of fasting. • Themselves - reflexive • If you yourself have ever attended one, you know it is a week-long celebration. • Yourself - intensive

Demonstrative, Relative, and Interrogative Pronouns • Demonstrative • Directs attention to specific people, places, or things; that (those); this (these) • Relative • Begins a subordinate clause and connects it to another idea in the sentence; that, which, who, whom, whose • Interrogative • Used to begin a question; what, which, who whom, whose

Recognizing Demonstrative, Relative, and Interrogative Pronouns • What is the history of the carnival? • What; interrogative • This is celebrated in many Roman Catholic countries. • This; demonstrative • Carnival has origins that are obscure. • That; relative

Indefinite Pronouns • Definition: Indefinite pronouns refer to people, places, or things, often without specifying which ones. • See table on page 353.

Recognizing Indefinite Pronouns • Many throughout the world know of the carnival in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. • Many • Most of the carnival centers on the samba, Brazilian dance music. • Most • The carnival tradition is one rooted in the history of Brazil – rhythms from African slaves and cultural touches from Portugal. • one

Chapter 16 Nouns and Pronouns