1 / 32

Actinopterygian Relationships III Biology of Fishes 10.4.2012

This overview review explores the relationships within the Actinopterygian class, specifically focusing on Acanthopterygii and Teleostei. It provides information on the classification, characteristics, and diversity of these groups.

mkatie
Download Presentation

Actinopterygian Relationships III Biology of Fishes 10.4.2012

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Actinopterygian Relationships IIIBiology of Fishes10.4.2012

  2. Overview Review (Actinopterygian Relationships II) Actinopterygian Relationships III : Acanthopterygii Exam I Review

  3. Actinopterygian Relationships III Teleostei Euteleostei Neoteleostei • Holostei(gars, bowfins) • Teleostei (teleosts“modern fishes”) - Elopomorpha(eels, tarpons, relatives) - Osteoglossomorpha(bonytongues) -Clupeomorpha(herrings, shad, relatives) -Ostariophysi(minnows, catfishes, characins, relatives) -Protacanthopterygii Acanthomorpha -Paracanthopterygii -Acanthopterygii

  4. ActinopterygianRelationships

  5. ActinopterygianRelationships Acanthomorpha • Neoteleostei • Acanthomorpha(teleosts“modern fishes”) - Paracanthopterygii(cods, anglers, cavefishes) - Acanthopterygii

  6. ActinopterygianRelationships • Paracanthopterygii(cods, anglers, cavefishes, relatives) • Acanthopterygii (spiny-finned fishes) - Mugilomorpha(mullets) -Atherinomorpha(silversides, flyingfishes, liverbearers and rel.) -Percomorpha (perch-shaped fishes)

  7. Acanthopterygii

  8. Actinopterygian Relationships • Acanthopterygii(spiny-finned fishes) • Most diverse group of bony fishes; ~15,000 species • Two major synapomorphies • Ascending process – dorsal extension of premaxilla • Most highly developed pharyngeal dentition and function based on new muscle and bone attachments • Ctenoid scales • Physoclistous gas bladder • 2 dorsal fins (1 spiny-rayed, 1 soft-rayed) • Pelvic and anal fin spines • Pelvic fins forward, pectoral fins laterally positioned

  9. Acanthopterygii

  10. Actinopterygian Relationships • Acanthopterygii(spiny-finned fishes) • Most advanced fishes, dominate shallow productive habitats of marine and many freshwater environments • Controversial phylogeny (follow Nelson 2006)

  11. ActinopterygianRelationships • Paracanthopterygii(cods, anglers, cavefishes, relatives) • Acanthopterygii (spiny-finned fishes) - Mugilomorpha(mullets) - Atherinomorpha(silversides, flyingfishes, liverbearers, and rel.) -Percomorpha (perch-shaped fishes)

  12. Mugilomorpha

  13. Actinopterygian Relationships • Mugilomorpha (mullets) • Nearshore, catadromous; ~80 species • “primitive” acanthopterygians (cycloid or intermediate cycloid-ctenoid scales); no pelvic girdle attachment • Detritivores, feed on organic silt • Important food fish

  14. ActinopterygianRelationships • Paracanthopterygii(cods, anglers, cavefishes, relatives) • Acanthopterygii (spiny-finned fishes) - Mugilomorpha(mullets) - Atherinomorpha(silversides, flyingfishes, liverbearers and rel.) -Percomorpha (perch-shaped fishes)

  15. Atherinomorpha

  16. Actinopterygian Relationships • Atherinomorpha(silversides, flyingfishes, liverbearers and relatives) • Surface-dwellers, marine and freshwater, ~1500 species • Unique protruding upper jaw, superior mouths • Internal fertilization and live-bearing in many species • Some unisexual (all female) species

  17. Atherinomorpha

  18. ActinopterygianRelationships • Paracanthopterygii(cods, anglers, cavefishes, relatives) • Acanthopterygii (spiny-finned fishes) - Mugilomorpha(mullets) - Atherinomorpha(silversides, flyingfishes, liverbearers and rel.) -Percomorpha (perch-shaped fishes)

  19. ActinopterygianRelationships

  20. Actinopterygian Relationships • Percomorpha(“perch-shaped” fishes) • Most advanced clade of fishes • ~13,000 species; primarily marine, many successful freshwater • Primary synapomorphyis anteriorly placed pelvic girdle attached to pectoral girdle directly or via ligament • Pelvic fin with anterior spine and 5 soft rays (typically)

  21. Percomorpha(basal groups) • Stephanoberyciformes (whalefishes) • Beryciformes (squirrelfishes) • Zeiformes (dories) • Gasterosteiformes (sticklebacks, seahorses) • Synbranchiformes (swamp eels) • Scorpaeniformes (scorpionfishes, sculpins, relatives)

  22. Percomorpha(advanced groups) • Perciformes (perch-like fishes) • Pleuronectiformes (flatfishes) • Tetraodontiformes (puffers, triggerfishes, relatives)

  23. Percomorpha

  24. Percomorpha(basal groups) whalefishes dories squirrelfishes swamp eels scorpionfishes, sculpins seahorses, sticklebacks

  25. Percomorpha(advanced groups) Perciformes Pleuronectiformes Tetraodontiformes

  26. Exam I Review • Exam Format (multiple choice, short answer, short essay) • Phylogenetic Relationships • Terms (monophyletic, synapomorphy, catadromous) • Examples of major concepts, relationships & groups • “salmon are anadromous…” • “two major factors that have contributed to the success of teleosts” • “mobile maxilla is important because…” • Journal Articles

  27. Exam I Review • Phylogeny • Complete Craniate Phylogeny • Know common and scientific names* • Start at Hagfishes (Myxiniformes*) • End at Percomorpha* (Perch-shaped fishes) • Know some examples of component groups • Group Project topics due Thursday 10.11.2012

  28. Complete Phylogeny CRANIATES Chondrichthyes Sarcopterygii Vertebrates Osteichthyes Actinopterygii

  29. Complete Phylogeny • Hagfishes • Vertebrates • Lampreys • Gnathostomes (possess jaws) - Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fishes) - Osteichthyes (bony fishes) Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fishes) Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes)

  30. Complete Phylogeny • Sarcopterygii(lobe fins) • Actinopterygii(ray fins) - Cladistia(bichirs, reedfish) - Chondrostei(sturgeons, paddlefishes) -Holostei(gars, bowfins) -Teleostei(teleosts, “modern fishes”)

  31. Complete Phylogeny Teleostei Euteleostei Neoteleostei • Holostei(gars, bowfins) • Teleostei (teleosts“modern fishes”) - Elopomorpha(eels, tarpons, relatives) - Osteoglossomorpha(bonytongues) -Clupeomorpha(herrings, shad, relatives) -Ostariophysi(minnows, catfishes, characins, relatives) -Protacanthopterygii Acanthomorpha -Paracanthopterygii -Acanthopterygii

  32. Complete Phylogeny • Paracanthopterygii(cods, anglers, cavefishes, relatives) • Acanthopterygii (spiny-finned fishes) - Mugilomorpha(mullets) - Atherinomorpha(silversides, flyingfishes, liverbearers and rel.) -Percomorpha (perch-shaped fishes)

More Related