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Wastewater Management and Treatment in Urban and Rural Areas in Mexico

Wastewater Management and Treatment in Urban and Rural Areas in Mexico. Gabriela E. Moeller Chávez. Content Mexican Institute of Water Technology Water availability in the World and Mexico Mexico: the contrasts Main water uses in Mexico and its problems

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Wastewater Management and Treatment in Urban and Rural Areas in Mexico

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  1. Wastewater Management and Treatment in Urban and Rural Areas in Mexico Gabriela E. Moeller Chávez

  2. Content • Mexican Institute of Water Technology • Water availability in the World and Mexico • Mexico: the contrasts • Main water uses in Mexico and its problems • Wastewater treatment in Mexico: Technological alternatives • A successful collaboration

  3. Creation The Mexican Institute of Water Technology (IMTA) was created by presidential decree in 1986, as an autonomous public organization linked to the former Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources (SARH) with the main objective of: “ developing technology and training the necessary qualified human resources in order to ensure the rational utilization and integrated management of water resources”. Since 2001 IMTA is a state-owned organization, with its own legal personality and assets, and coordinated by the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources (SEMARNAT).

  4. Mission To produce and disseminate knowledge and technology to reach the sustainable management of hydraulics resources in Mexico Vision To be an innovative institution, with excelency and efficiency, respectable and recognized because of its usefullness and recognized because of its uselfull solutions and impacts in the water sector

  5. Technical Areas GENERAL DIRECTOR - Hydraulics- Hydrology- Water Quality and Treatment- Irrigation and Drainage- Communication, Participation and Information- Professional and Institutional Development

  6. R & D as a decision support system in the water sector 2.-Applied research 3.- Technology development 1.- Basic research 6.- Technological services 4.- Technology adaptation 5.- Technology transfer

  7. Human Potential ( 400) Academic degrees Ph degrees Masters degree Professional degrees Technicians

  8. Infrastructure Fourteen specialized laboratories • Hydraulics • Hydrology • Water Quality • Municipal Wastewater Treatment • Industrial Wastewater Treatment • Drinking water . Membrane Lab • Hydrobiology • Metheorological sensors calibration • Soil Mechanics • Isotopic hydrology • Hydrogeochemistry • Irrigation and Drainage • Communication • Informatics

  9. Humanresources Campus Morelos Graduate School of Engineering National Univerity of Mexico (UNAM)

  10. Wastewater Management and Treatment in Urban and Rural Areas in Mexico Gabriela E. Moeller Chávez

  11. Water availability in the world High Average low

  12. Population (Mexico) Territorial extension of Mexico 1 964 375 squared Km 108.81 millions of inhabitants (2010) 84.38 millions (urban) and 24.42 millions (rural) Source: Estadísticas del Agua en México, 2010th Edition, CONAGUA

  13. Mexico: the contrasts Water: Development and availability

  14. 18,410 124.6 120.8 13,516 97.4 4,841 34.9 3,907 3,788 25.7 Population evolution and the availability of water in Mexico Challenges Inhabitants (Millions) Water availability m3/inhab

  15. Mexico: the contrasts 11.3% of the total population is scattered in small communities with less than 100 inhabitants Because of geographic situation is very expensive to provide drinking water, sewers and wastewater services for this population (137.515 locations) Source: Estadísticas del Agua en México, 2010th Edition, CONAGUA

  16. Valle de Mexico (Mexico City, Hidalgo & State of Mexico ) Guadalajara (Jalisco) Monterrey (Nuevo Leon) Puebla-Tlaxcala (Puebla-Tlaxcala) Toluca (Mexico) 30.4% of thepopulation, (i.e. 32.58 million of inhabitants) Mexico: the contrasts Metropolitanareas (2008), Source: Estadísticas del Agua en México, 2010th Edition, CONAGUA

  17. Main water uses in Mexico and problems

  18. Monitoring stations in surface water bodies in each BOD category (Situation in 2008) Source: Estadísticas del Agua en México, 2010th Edition, CONAGUA

  19. Water Infrastructure • 4 462 dams and reservoirs • 6.50 million irrigated hectares • 2.74 million technified rain-fed hectares • 604 water purification plants in operation • 1833 municipal wastewater treatment plants in operation • 2082 industrial wastewater treatment plants in operation • 3 000 km of aqueducts Source: Estadísticas del Agua en México, 2010th Edition, CONAGUA

  20. Importance of wastewater treatment Population Health: According to statistics from the World Health Organization : 1.8 million people die every year from diarrheal diseases (including cholera) Approximately, 90% are children under five, mostly in developing countries 88% of diarrheal diseases result from unsafe water supply and poor hygiene and sanitation Environmental improvement of water bodies

  21. Rate of flow of municipal wastewater treated, 1996-2008 (cubic meters per second, m3/s) ¿Does treated wastewater comply with regulations? ¿Is this enough? Source: Estadísticas del Agua en México, 2010th Edition, CONAGUA

  22. MAJOR PROCESSES IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITIES (L/S) Source: Inventario nacional de plantas municipales de potabilización y de tratamiento de aguas residuales en operación, 2008, CONAGUA

  23. Rate of flow of industrial wastewater treated, 1996-2008 (cubic meters per second, m3/s) In 2007, the country’s industries treated 29.9 m3/s of industrial wastewater, on 2021 industrial wastewater treatment plants Source: Estadísticas del Agua en México, 2010th Edition, CONAGUA

  24. Types of industrial wastewater treatment, 2008 ¿Does treated wastewater comply with regulations? ¿Is this enough? ¿Which parameters have to be regulated? Source: Estadísticas del Agua en México, 2010th Edition, CONAGUA

  25. Technologicalalternatives (Municipal an Industrial) • Activated sludge • Stabilization ponds • CEPT-Chemically Enhanced Primary Treatment • Aerated ponds • Biological filters • UASB • Non-conventional systems (Wetlands, biofiltration systems over organic filtration materials and others) • Area required • Efficiency required • Investment cost • O & M requirements • O & M costs • Power consumption • System adaptability • Environmental factors • Sludge Production Tailored suits

  26. Most common problems • Lack of sewers to the treatment system • Facilities do not operate properly (to Qdesign,, deficient operation) • Not enough budget for operation and maintenance of the facilities • Drinking water price cheaper than the cost of the treated wastewater • Lack of trained personnel

  27. Questions? • Do we collect 100% of the wastewater generated in the country? • Is it treated 100% of the water that is collected? • The parameters in the standards. Are there enough to preserve the health of people and the health of water bodies? • Does the treated flow comply with regulations? • Are our water bodies classified and the discharges to them meet the conditions marked in the Classification of Water Bodies?

  28. A Successfull partnership IMTA- CRIQ 2005-2010 • Identification of the treatment needs in Mexico • (Rural areas and small communities) • Identification of an appropriate technology in Canada (BIOSOR) • Adaptation of the technology to local context : • ( Applied research in Mexico ) • Lab and bench scale experiments (BIOTROP) and a • Technological screen (High school in Cuernavaca) • Commercialization of the technology (Transference)

  29. Technological Screen • Benefits: • Environmental education • Appropriate wastewater treatment • Improvement of environmental conditions and • water body quality

  30. Perspectives IMTA-CRIQ 20098-2012 BIOTROP Agroindustrial wastes: • Wastewater treatment from pork and poultry processing   • Wastewater treatment from slaughterhouse and meat packing • Wastewater treatment from wine and spirits production: tequila production • Odour treatment

  31. Thanks for your attention www.imta.gob.mx

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