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The IPAT Model of Population and Environment Impact

Explore the IPAT model, showing the joint function of population, affluence, and technology on the environment. Understand how these factors compound impacts and how technology influences environmental damage and sustainability.

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The IPAT Model of Population and Environment Impact

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  1. MODELS OF POPULATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT By Dr. J. Kivelia Department of Geography University of Dar es Salaam

  2. The Models • Several models: • PoET • IPAT

  3. The IPAT Model • Demonstrates that environmental impact (I) is a joint function of population (P), affluence (A), and technology (T). • Sees population (P) as integrating with affluence (A) and technology (T) in a multiplicative manner to create impact (I) on the environment. • These factors compound each other's impacts.

  4. The IPAT MODEL (cont’d) The Model is summarised thus: I = PAT Where : I = Impact on the environment P = Population (size, growth rate, distribution) A = Affluence (measured as GNP per capita) T=Technology (pollution per unit of GNP)

  5. IPAT Model • I = P x A x T Environmental Population Level of Type of Impact Size Affluence Technology (# of people) (consumption (production per capita) technology)

  6. IPAT Model (Cont.) • Technology in use determines: • extent to which human activities damage/sustain the environment • amount of waste associated with level of consumption. • level of pollution • type and quantity of raw materials used • Technology: • leads to new ways of finding and using natural resources, • changes efficiency of production and consumption processes. • Technology and consumption patterns determine the impact on environment per person. • Population is the multiplier that fixes the total impact

  7. Food for Thought • Describe the IPAT model and the ways in which it can be used to determine the impact of population on the environment • Why is there a concern about the contemporary population growth? • Justify the philosophical dispute between Pessimists and Optimists on population growth and environmental resources

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