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Learning Theories. Educational Technology & Didactics of Informatics. Cleo Sgouropoulou * email: csgouro@ teiath .gr. Learning. Psychological phenomenon Definitions
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Learning Theories Educational Technology & Didactics of Informatics Cleo Sgouropoulou *email: csgouro@teiath.gr
Learning • Psychological phenomenon Definitions • in psychology, the process by which a relatively lasting change in potential behavior occurs as a result of practice or experience. • An internal neural process, associated with practice or experience, leading to relatively permanent changes in behaviour
Learning • The scientific investigation of the learning process was begun at the end of the 19th cent. by Ivan Pavlov in Russia and Edward Thorndike in the United States. Several models are currently widely used to explain changes in learned behavior; some emphasize the establishment of relations between stimuli and responses, and the third emphasizes the establishment of cognitive structures.
Basics of Learning Theories • Behaviourism • Constructivism • Socio-cultural theory
Three perspectives We can study knowledge and learning fromdifferent theoretical perspectives. Three ofthe most influential trends over the lastcentury may be labeled as: • Empirism • Rationalism • Pragmatism / Sociohistoricism
Epistemologies • Theories of the nature of knowledge and of learning ashe process of attaining such knowledge.
Motivation II • Behavioristic: Manipulating rewards andpunnishments • Cognitivistic: Ways to foster students naturaltendencies to learn and understand • Situated: ”Join the literacy club”. Performingpractices allowing new ”peripheral” participantsto become gradually enculturated.
Analytic focus • Behaviorist: activities of individuals • Cognitive: internal structures of information • Situative: activity systems in which individualsparticipate in social groups.