Science Log: Skeletal System

1. Science Log: Skeletal System • On pg. 11, name and describe at least four of the functions of the skeletal system. (Chpt. 15; Section 2) • Materials for today: scissors, glue, ISN,

2. The Skeletal System What makes up the skeletal system? Bones Cartilage (soft, flexible tissue; feel the tip of your nose and ears) Connective Tissue (Structures which connect bones together)

3. Functions of your bones • Support: hold you up, protect vital organs • Movement: muscles attach to bones, when the muscle shortens the bone moves Click the image to play a movie.

4. Storage: bones store minerals (like calcium) and fat (for energy use) • Blood cell formation: bones contain bone marrow which makes red and white blood cells Click the image to play a movie.

5. Are bones just dry, hard pieces of scaffolding to hold up our bodies? (Explain your answer) • How does the cardiovascular system rely on our skeletal system?

6. Parts of a Bone

7. Bone Parts Questions • Where is cartilage found on bones? ______________________________ • The outer layer of bone tissue is called? ___________ • The inner bone tissue is called? _______________ • What is the tissue that is found in long bones like the femur and makes blood cells? ______________

8. How do bones grow? • Most bones start out as cartilage • As you grow, cartilage gets replaced by bone. • Many times babies that are not strapped in car seats still survive car crashes with no broken bones. Explain how that is possible.

9. Joints A place where two or more bones meet is called ajoint. Click this image to open a web link. Us the mouse to point out different locations of joints on the body. Click the image to play a movie.

10. Joint Structure ligaments Cartilage muscles tendons • Joints are able to withstand the stresses of movement because of their structure. • Joints are held together by ____________, strong, elastic bands of connective tissue. • ___________ also helps reduce wear and tear on joints by cushioning the areas where bones meet. • Joints help us run, hold a bottle of water, throw a football and perform almost any type of movement, but joints would be useless without _____________ to move them. • Muscles are attached to joints with ______________.

11. Types of Joints Click on the image above to bring up a web link. Click play to play the clip. Then close explorer.

12. Skeletal System Injuries and Diseases dislocated ligaments Despite their strength and flexibility, bones can break, or fracture. Joints can become ____________ when bones move out of their proper positions. A sprain occurs when the ___________ of a joint have been stretched too far or have torn.

13. Skeletal System Injuries and Diseases, continued osteoporosis osteoporosis Women are much more likely to get this disease as they get older. It is important to always keep a diet high in calcium. ___________ is a disease of the skeletal system. In ______________, bones become less dense, which makes them break more easily.

14. arthritis Cartilage padding is not as thick or worn away completely. ____________ is a painful disease that affects joints. In arthritis, joints become swollen and stiff. As people age, they are more likely to have osteoporosis or arthritis.

15. Questions Imagine that you are 50 years old and you have developed osteoporosis in your pelvis, explain what has happened to you and why. 2. You have arthritis in your phalanges. Describe what has happened to you in detail (include the type of joint, body part, and tissues involved). 3. You’ve just sprained your hip. Describe what has happened (include types of tissues, name of bones and type of joint)