On the top half of NB p. 20, copy this diagram.

1. On the top half of NB p. 20, copy this diagram. What were the reasons for colonial protest? What were the tools of colonial protest?

2. Lesson 6.2: Colonial Resistance Grows Today we will describe the Townshend Acts and explain the causes and effects of the Boston Massacre.

3. Vocabulary • writ – a legal document issued by the government or the courts • propaganda – words or images designed to persuade an audience to act, feel, think, or believe in a specific way

4. Check for Understanding • What are going to do today? • Who issues writs? • Do your parents ever use propaganda with you? • Is propaganda true or false?

5. What We Already Know Ever since the Proclamation of 1763, relations between the British government and the American colonists had been growing increasingly hostile.

6. What We Already Know Parliament’s attempts to raise revenue by taxing the colonies were met with protests, petitions, and boycotts.

7. What We Already Know The Enlightenment was an intellectual movement that emphasized reason and science, and its scholars believed that all government should be based on natural laws and natural rights.

8. B tell A • Why did Parliament pass the Proclamation of 1763? • Be sure to re-state the question in your response!

9. The Townshend Acts Are Passed • Parliament had canceled the Stamp Act. But it still needed to raise money to pay its expenses in America. • Charles Townshend, the king’s finance minister, suggested a series of laws that would raise revenue in the colonies. • One of the Townshend Acts stopped New York’s legislative assembly from meeting until the colonists agreed to quarter British troops.

10. The Townshend Acts • Another act placed taxes on certain goods brought into the colonies. The money raised would help to pay the salaries of British officials in the colonies. • To enforce these laws, British officers used writs of assistance. These were search warrants used to enter homes or businesses to find smuggled goods.

11. The Reasons for Protest • Anger over the new taxes and the closure of the NY assembly • “Parliament has no right to tax us directly!” • The writs of assistance also angered manycolonists. • These acts threatened their natural rights and freedoms.

12. John Locke and Natural Rights • Natural rights had been described by English philosopher John Locke during the Enlightenment. • Locke wrote that the law of nature teaches that “no one ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty, or possessions.”

13. Get your whiteboards and markers ready!

14. Why were the Townshend Acts passed? • To demonstrate Parliament’s authority over the colonies • To raise money to pay for the British government’s expenses in America • To punish the colonists for their opposition to the Stamp Act • To control colonial settlements in the Ohio Valley

15. 9. Why did colonists oppose theTownshend Acts? • The acts suspended the New York assembly. • The acts imposed new taxes. • The acts called for the use of writs of assistance. • The acts banned settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains. Choose all that are true!

16. Tools of Protest Colonists in Boston decided to protest the Townshend Acts by calling for another boycott of British goods, which spread throughout the colonies.

17. A tell B • What is a boycott? • Be sure to re-state the question in your response!

18. Tools of Protest Samuel Adams, a leader of the Boston Sons of Liberty, led the protest.

19. Tools of Protest • The Sons of Liberty asked shopkeepers not to sell goods made in Britain. • The Daughters of Liberty urged colonists to weave their own cloth and to use only American goods. • Trade with Britain dropped. • Some colonial leaders called for peaceful protests. John Dickinson

20. Get your whiteboards and markers ready!

21. 10. How did some colonial leaders protest the Townshend Acts? • Another boycott of British products was announced. • Colonists were urged to use only American goods. • More goods were imported from France and Spain. • Some colonial leaders called for peaceful protests. Choose all that are true!

22. The “Liberty” Incident • Customs officials in Boston tried to search the merchant ship Liberty, which was carrying smuggled goods. • Colonists rose up in protest and a riot broke out. • British officials reacted by calling for more British troops to be sent to Boston.

23. The Boston Massacre • In the fall of 1768, about 1,000 British soldiers arrived in Boston to keep order. • Poorly paid British soldiers often hired themselves out as workers when off-duty, leading to competition with colonists for jobs.

24. The Boston Massacre Tension filled the streets, as soldiers and colonists openly taunted each other.

25. Frightened British recoats feared for their lives. Ned, they’re comin’ right for us! On March 5, 1770, a scuffle broke out between colonists and a group of redcoats guarding the Customs House.

26. The Boston Massacre The soldiers fired on the protesting colonists, and five were killed, including a sailor and former slave named Crispus Attucks.

27. The Boston Massacre Colonial leaders called the shooting the Boston Massacre. They said that the five colonists gave their lives for freedom.

28. The Boston Massacre • Thousands of colonists were outraged by news of the killings. The Sons of Liberty turned the tragedy into anti-British propaganda. Paul Revere’s illustration of the event was circulated throughout the colonies.

29. The Boston Massacre • The British soldiers involved in theshooting were arrested for murder. • John Adams, a cousin of Samuel Adams, successfully defended the soldiers in court. • He wanted to prove that the colonies followed the rule of law.

30. To many colonists, however the Boston Massacre would stand as a symbol of British tyranny.

31. Get your whiteboards and markers ready!

32. Why did colonists resent the presence of so many British soldiers in Boston? • Colonists were jealous of the well–paid soldiers. • British soldiers often were rude to colonial women. • British soldiers often were from different racial back–grounds than the colonists. • Off-duty British soldiers were competing with colonists for jobs.

33. 11. What events led to the Boston Massacre? • Colonists disliked the idea of British soldiers hiring themselves out as workers. • The British soldiers tried to arrest Sam Adams and Crispus Attucks. • The British soldiers and colonists exchanged insults, which led to violence. • The British soldiers fired on the colonists, killing Crispus Attucks and four others. Choose all that are true!

34. Why was the massacre an important event in the cause for independence? • It roused greater opposition to the Sons of Liberty among the colonists. • It led many people in England to sympathize with the colonists. • For many colonists, it became a symbol of British tyranny. • It convinced many colonists to demand independence from Britain.