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Blood

Blood. Chapter 9 Section 1. 1. Functions of Blood. carries oxygen from lungs to body cells and carries carbon dioxide to lungs to be exhaled carries waste products from cells to kidneys transports nutrients and other substances to body cells

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Blood

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  1. Blood Chapter 9 Section 1

  2. 1. Functions of Blood • carries oxygen from lungs to body cells and carries carbon dioxide to lungs to be exhaled • carries waste products from cells to kidneys • transports nutrients and other substances to body cells • cells and molecules in blood fight infections and help heal wounds

  3. 2. Blood • tissue made of plasma, red and white blood cells, and platelets • makes up 8% of body’s total mass

  4. Parts of Blood 3. Plasma– liquid part of blood made up mostly of water. Nutrients, minerals, and oxygen are dissolved here. Wastes are carried away in the plasma 4. White blood cells – cells that destroy bacteria, viruses, and foreign substances; life span varies from a few days to many months

  5. Parts of Blood 5. Red blood cells – they contain hemoglobin. Oxygen and carbon dioxide attaches to the hemoglobin, and is carried throughout the body. Lifespan of about 120 days. 6. Platelets– help stop bleeding by clotting; lifespan of about 5 to 9 days.

  6. 7. Steps in Blood Clotting 1. Platelets and clotting factors in your blood make a blood clot that plugs the wounded blood vessels 2. Platelets stick to the wound and fibrin creates a threadlike, sticky net to trap blood cells and plasma to form a clot 3. The clot hardens to form a scab

  7. 7. Steps in Blood Clotting…continued 4. Under the scab, skin cells begin repairing underneath 5. Bacteria that get under the wound during healing are usually destroyed by white blood cells

  8. 8. Hemophilia • genetic condition where a person lacks a clotting factor that begins the clotting process • person could bleed to death from a minor wound

  9. 8. Why is knowing your blood type important? • In case of a blood transfusion, the Dr. needs to the right type of blood to be given, or the blood cells will clump together • Clots then form in the blood vessels and the person could die, because antibodies try to destroy the foreign antigen

  10. 9.Blood Types • People inherit 4 types of blood - A,B, AB, O • A, B, and AB have antigens on their red blood cells • O red blood cells have no antigens

  11. 10. RhFactor • People inherit 2 types of Rh factors – Rh+, Rh- • If the Rh factor is present, then the blood is Rh+, if it is absent, then it’s Rh- • If an Rh- mother is pregnant, then she can make antibodies against her Rh+ baby during pregnancy

  12. 11. Anemia (a blood disease) • body tissues cannot get enough oxygen and are unable to carry on their usual activities • Caused by loss of blood, lack of iron, or are inherited by the shape of red blood cells (sickle-cell anemia)

  13. 12. Leukemia (another blood disease) • One type of white blood cells are made in excess, are immature, and cannot fight infections, these crowd out healthy cells • low red blood cell count, normal white blood cell and platelet count • Can affect children, but more common in adults • Treated by medicine, blood transfusions, and bone marrow transplants

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