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Welcome to CMPE003 Personal Computers: Hardware and Software

Welcome to CMPE003 Personal Computers: Hardware and Software. Dr. Chane Fullmer Fall 2002 UC Santa Cruz. Class Information. Midterm #1 This Friday, October 11, 2002. Covers Chapters 1 through 5. Bring you Student ID. Multiple choice Requires Scantron #F-1712-ERI-L (pink) ~50 questions

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Welcome to CMPE003 Personal Computers: Hardware and Software

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  1. Welcome toCMPE003Personal Computers: Hardware and Software Dr. Chane Fullmer Fall 2002 UC Santa Cruz

  2. Class Information • Midterm #1 • This Friday, October 11, 2002. • Covers Chapters 1 through 5. • Bring you Student ID. • Multiple choice • Requires Scantron #F-1712-ERI-L (pink) • ~50 questions • No makeups after the fact

  3. Assignments • Homework #3 – Due October 18 • Design your own Webpage • Keep in mind --- • The world at large will see your page • Don’t put private or sensitive information on your Webpage. • Details and sample – see class page – http://www.soe.ucsc.edu/classes/cmpe003/Fall02/

  4. Input and Output:The User Connection Chapter 5 Part B

  5. Output • Information for the user • Types • Screen – soft copy • Printer – hard copy • Voice • Sound • Graphics

  6. Monitor (screen) • Data that is entered appears on the screen • Screen is part of the monitor

  7. Monitor Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) Flat panel display Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Gas Plasma Display

  8. CRT Raster scanning • Sweeping electron beams across the back of the screen • Phosphorous coating on back of screen • Glows when hit by a beam of electrons • Phosphorous loses glow and image fades and flickers • Image must be continually refreshed

  9. CRT Refresh rate / scan rate • Number of times electron beams refreshes the screen • Process also used for television • 80-100 times per second adequate for clear screen image • 60 Hz is problematic – Why??

  10. CRT Interlaced vs. Non-interlaced • Interlaced • Refresh every other line on each pass • Lower refresh rate without flicker • Good for fixed graphics • Causes flutter with animated graphics • Inexpensive • Non-interlaced • Refresh every line on each pass • Typical of screens sold today

  11. CRT Color vs. Monochrome • Color • Typical monitor sold today • Monochrome • Green or amber on a contrasting background • Less expensive than color • Typically used on terminals

  12. CRT Resolution • Clarity of image • Pixel (Picture element) • Dot on screen • Is addressable • Can be illuminated • More pixels means higher resolution • Dot pitch • Distance between dots • Smaller distance means better quality image

  13. CRT Graphics Card/Graphics Adapter Board • Plugs into expansion slot on motherboard • Graphics card and monitor must be compatible for high quality image

  14. CRT Size • Measured diagonally • Typical sizes • Office user: 15-17 inch • High-powered graphics user: 19 inch • High-end monitors: 21 inches and up • Larger size • More expensive • More space on desktop • Reduces eye strain

  15. Graphics Standards • PCs • Monitor • Graphics boards • Software Help insure that the products work together

  16. Graphics Standards • SVGA (Super VGA) • Resolution – 800 x 600, 1024 x 768, 1280 x 1024, 1600 x 1200 pixels • 16 million colors • Number of colors displayed simultaneously limited by amount of video memory • XGA (Extended Graphics Array) • High resolution • Supports more simultaneous colors • Allows non-interlaced monitors

  17. Flat-panel Screens • Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) • Primarily on laptops • Moving to desktop • Skinny (depth) regardless of size

  18. Flat-panel Screens • Crisp, brilliant images • Easy on eyes • No flicker • Full dimension is useable • More expensive that CRT monitors

  19. Flat-panel Screens • Active Matrix • Thin-film transistor technology (TFT) • Transistors for each pixel • Brighter image • Viewable from an angle • Passive Matrix • Fewer transistors • Cheaper • Less power • Images can appear fuzzy

  20. Printers • Produce information on paper • Orientation • Portrait • Landscape • Methods of printing • Impact • Nonimpact

  21. Line printer One line at a time High volume Low quality Dot-matrix printer One character at a time Impact Printers

  22. Nonimpact PrinterLaser Printer

  23. Nonimpact PrinterLaser Printer • Transfers images to paper using a light beam • Prints one page at a time • 600-1200 dpi – High quality • Speed • Personal laser printers: 8-10 ppm • Network laser printers: 35-50 ppm • High-volume laser printers: up to 1000 ppm • Black & white / Color

  24. Nonimpact PrinterInk-jet Printer • Spray ink at paper • Black & white / Color • Excellent graphics • Good quality • Slower than laser

  25. Nonimpact Printer Choose based upon: • Speed • Quality • Black & white vs. color • Price

  26. Sound Creates multimedia output Multiple sight and sound effects Speakers Sound card

  27. Voice OutputSpeech Synthesis • Enables machines to talk to people • Types • Voice synthesizers • Voice output devices • Audio-response units • Converts data in storage to vocalized sounds • Synthesis by analysis – human sounds are stored and reproduced as needed • Synthesis by rule – creates artificial speech

  28. Voice OutputSpeech synthesis Uses • Automobiles • Telephone surveys • Catalog order is ready • Your payment is late reminder • Santa Cruz Public Library • Overdue notices

  29. Music and Other Sounds • MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) • Communicates between MIDI devices and computer • Rules that produce and process digital music signals • MIDI information tells synthesizer • When to start and stop playing a note • Volume • Modulation • Software is available for composing and editing per MIDI standard

  30. Terminals • Device that provides input and output capabilities • Dumb terminal • Keyboard and monitor • Connects to host for processing • Intelligent terminal • Keyboard, monitor, memory, and processor • Connects with host • Point-of-sale terminal (POS) • Input and output device • Captures retail data

  31. Computer Graphics • Business • Education • Science • Sports • Computer art • Entertainment

  32. Business Graphics • Types • Maps • Charts • Help • Compare data • Spot trends • Make decisions quickly • Attention-getting • Updated instantaneously • Rendered quickly

  33. Video Graphics • Animated graphics • Prepared one frame at a time • Examples • Animated films • Monster’s Inc. (Pixar) • Commercials without humans • Arcade games

  34. CAD/CAMComputer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing • CAD – Computer Aided Design • Software creates 2-D and 3-D designs • CAM – Computer Aided Manufacturing • Controls production equipment • CIM (Computer Integrated Manufacturing) • Bridge between design and manufacturing • CAD/CAM integrated into manufacturing process • Provides balanced, efficient production process

  35. Ethics and Data • Computer data can be • Used • Sold • Altered • What is legal? • What can you trust?

  36. Study for the Midterm!!

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