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Common Acids

Common Acids. Battery acid. Sulfuric Acid H 2 SO 4 Nitric Acid HNO 3 Phosphoric Acid H 3 PO 4 Hydrochloric Acid HCl Acetic Acid CH 3 COOH Carbonic Acid H 2 CO 3. Used to make fertilizers and explosives. Food flavoring. Stomach acid. Vinegar. Carbonated water.

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Common Acids

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  1. Common Acids Battery acid Sulfuric Acid H2SO4 Nitric Acid HNO3 Phosphoric Acid H3PO4 Hydrochloric Acid HCl Acetic Acid CH3COOH Carbonic Acid H2CO3 Used to make fertilizers and explosives Food flavoring Stomach acid Vinegar Carbonated water

  2. Common Acids FormulaName of AcidName of Negative Ion of Salt HF hydrofluoric fluoride HBr hydrobromic bromide HI hydroiodic iodide HCl hydrochloric chloride HClO hypochlorous hypochlorite HClO2 chlorous chlorite HClO3 chloric chlorate HClO4 perchloric perchlorate H2S hydrosulfuric sulfide H2SO3 sulfurous sulfite H2SO4 sulfuric sulfate HNO2 nitrous nitrite HNO3 nitric nitrate H2CO3 carbonic carbonate H3PO3 phosphorous phosphite H3PO4 phosphoric phosphate

  3. 1+ Formation of Hydronium Ions 1+ 1+ + H+ H2O H3O+ hydrogen ion water hydronium ion (a proton)

  4. Sulfuric Acid, H2SO4 Sulfuric acid is the most commonly produced industrial chemical in the world. Uses: petroleum refining, metallurgy, manufacture of fertilizer, many industrial processes: metals, paper, paint, dyes, detergents Sulfuric acid is used in automobile batteries. H2SO4 “oil of vitriol”

  5. Nitric Acid, HNO3 Nitric acid stains proteins yellow (like your skin). Uses: make explosives, fertilizers, rubber, plastics, dyes, and pharmaceuticals. HNO3 “aqua fortis”

  6. Hydrochloric Acid, HCl The stomach produces HCl to aid in the digestion of food. Uses: For ‘pickling’ iron and steel. Pickling is the immersion of metals in acid solution to remove surface impurities. A dilute solution of HCl is called muriatic acid (available in many hardware stores). Muriatic acid is commonly used to adjust pH in swimming pools and in the cleaning of masonry. HCl(g) + H2O(l) HCl(aq) hydrogen chloride water hydrochloric acid

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