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Survey Overview

Survey Overview. Practice Problems: Survey Modes. Classify Surveys. Structured questions imposes limit on responses. Classify Surveys. Disguised question the true purpose of the question is hidden from R. Classify Surveys. Temporal Classification

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Survey Overview

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  1. Survey Overview

  2. Practice Problems: Survey Modes

  3. Classify Surveys • Structured questions • imposes limit on responses

  4. Classify Surveys • Disguised question • the true purpose of the question is hidden from R

  5. Classify Surveys • Temporal Classification • Cross-sectional – surveys respondents at one point in time • Longitudinal – different R’s at different points in time • Panel Study – same R’s at different points in time

  6. The Nature of Surveys • Questionnaires • Interviews

  7. Errors in Survey Research • Random sampling error • Margin of Error [+/- 3%] • Systematic error • Size ?

  8. Systematic Error • Respondent Error • Administrative Error

  9. Respondent Error • Non-response • Errors associated with those selected, but who fail to participate

  10. Non-Response Errors • Non-Respondents • Not at home • Refusal • Item non-response (missing at random?) • Self Selection Problem

  11. Respondent Error • Response Error • When people consistently bias answers • Deliberate • Fear of reprisals • Unconscious

  12. Unconscious Misrepresentation • Acquiescence bias • R always agrees with Q’s

  13. Unconscious Misrepresentation • Extremity bias

  14. Unconscious Misrepresentation • Interviewer bias • List Randomization • Bogus Pipeline

  15. Unconscious Misrepresentation • Auspices bias • due to org conducting survey

  16. Unconscious Misrepresentation • Social desirability bias • Over estimating income, or amount of exercise

  17. Administrative Error • Data processing error • mis-keying a response when entering it • Sample selection error

  18. Administrative Error • Interviewer error • mis-recording a response when interviewing • Interviewer cheating • falsifying interviews

  19. Estimates for systematic error • How can we? • Only 50% of people who say they will definitely buy consumer packaged goods within the next three months actually do so! • Well designed surveys will substantially reduce systematic error

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