Anthropology in the News

1. Anthropology in the News Medical Anthropology and Biocultural Approaches

2. Medical Anthropological Approach • How can we understand the intersection between medicine and culture? • What are the relationships among “disease,” “illness,” and “wellness”? • Examine the intersection between medicine and culture is historically, politically, and economically constructed.

3. Medical Anthropological Approach • Illness • ______________________________ • Disease • _______________________________ • Wellness • Some cultures _______________________

4. Brief History of Medical Anthropology • 1990’s = _________________________________ • Ex. Farmer’s work as an MD & anthropologist • “illness narratives” = your story, your words, your experience with illness • 2000 = Using _________________as a tool to examine _______________________ • ________________ • ________________

5. Medical Anthropology: Cholera

6. Medical Anthropology: Cholera

7. Medical Anthropology: Cholera • What is cholera? • Infectious __________________ • Transmission - Occurs through ingesting _________________________

8. Medical Anthropology: Cholera

9. Medical Anthropology: Cholera • Originally ____________________________ • _________________likely serving as a contamination reservoir. • The disease spread by _____________to Russia, then W. Europe, and finally N. America. • Today • Not a high concern health threat in ____________ • Heavily affects populations in ________________

10. Medical Anthropology: Cholera in Haiti • Paul Farmer and colleagues: • 1. • 2. • 3. • 4. • 5. Information available at http://anthropologyworks.com/index.php/2010/12/12/five-steps-against-cholera-in-haiti/

11. Medical Anthropology: Cholera in Haiti

12. Anthropological Study of AIDS • Background: • Infancy – late 1980s early 1990s • AIDS and Anthropology Research Group – 1987 • Western and non-western cultures

13. Anthropological Study of AIDS China South Africa Haiti Paul Farmer

14. Anthropological Study of AIDS • Renaud’s study • Legal (registered) prostitute community & non-prostitute community • Kaolack, Senegal • 1. • 2. • 3. • Worked from a local health clinic

15. Anthropological Research and AIDS • Prior knowledge about research starting: • Approximately ______________________ in Kaolack were HIV positive • Renaud’s research • ___________________________________ • ____________________________________

16. Anthropological Research and AIDS • Information Gathered: • A high % of prostitutes ________________with clients • In their relationships, ________________________ • Non-prostitutes also reported being reluctant to _____________________________________

17. Anthropological Research and AIDS • Renaud’s conclusion from her research: • Women did “_________________ _____________________________” • Asking their partners to ______ ___________________________

18. Anthropological Research and AIDS • Research has found links between: • Local sociocultural processes that create a risk environment for infection AND • Lifeworlds of sufferers to the global political economy • Heavy focus on Africa • 1. • 2. • 3. Information taken from: Schoeph, BG. (2001). Critical Perspective on the Crisis. Annual Review of Anthropology 30:335-361.

19. Anthropological Research and AIDS Information taken from: Schoeph, BG. (2001). Critical Perspective on the Crisis. Annual Review of Anthropology 30:335-361.

20. Anthropological Research and AIDS • Worldwide, impact of HIV/AIDS is similar for men and women • Sub-Saharan Africa, ______________________ • Why does AIDS affect more women in this region? • 1. • 2. • 3. • 4.

21. Anthropological Research and AIDS • Through 1990s publically denied AIDS as a viral infection • 1. • 2. • 2000 – internationally rejected AIDS as a viral infection • 1.