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JUDAISM

JUDAISM. HISTORY OF JUDAISM(Review from Yesterday). Abraham is the father of the Hebrews About 1800 B.C. he lived in a city called Ur in Mesopotamia It is believed that God told Abraham to leave Ur and go to Canaan(present day Israel)

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JUDAISM

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  1. JUDAISM

  2. HISTORY OF JUDAISM(Review from Yesterday) • Abraham is the father of the Hebrews • About 1800 B.C. he lived in a city called Ur in Mesopotamia • It is believed that God told Abraham to leave Ur and go to Canaan(present day Israel) • God told Abraham that if he went to Canaan the land there would belong to his descendents • This was a promise from God and so Canaan(Israel) is considered the Promised Land

  3. EGYPT • There was a famine in Canaan • The Israelites were starving and so they went to Egypt • A new pharaoh came to power • He enslaved the Israelites and made them work on his building projects

  4. MOSES • Moses helped the Israelites leave Egypt • This is known as the Exodus • They wandered around the Sinai Desert for 40 years • Moses climbed to the top of Mt Sinai and God spoke to him • Moses carried two stone tablets down the mountain • The Ten Commandments were written on the tablets

  5. Return to Promised Land • The Israelites wanted to reclaim their land in Canaan • This lead to 200 years of war • After a period of peace the Philistines invade and King David is able to drive them out • King Solomon succeeds King David • After King Solomon died the Israelite Kingdom split in two: Israel and Judah • The word Judaism and Jew come from the name Judah during this time in history.

  6. Who is followed and important teachings • First Monotheistic religion- a belief in one God • Believe Messiah will appear in Jerusalem and bring peace and harmony to the world • It is important to follow the Ten Commandments • The first four commandments have to do with a relationship with God • The next six have to do with a relationship with other people.

  7. Religious Book--TORAH • Torah-The first five books of the Hebrew Bible • There is a belief that these were given to the people by God • They give the early history, laws, and beliefs of the Hebrews • The five books are: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy

  8. Sabbath or Shabbat • Sundown Friday to sundown Saturday • People should refrain from work • Many go to the Synagogue- the Jewish place of worship • Spend time with family, reading the Torah, and eating traditional meals.

  9. Holy Days • Rosh Hashanah: the Jewish New Year- a 10 day period of repentance, renewal and remembrance • Yom Kippur: “Day of Atonement”- pray for forgiveness of oneself and others • Hanukkah: “Festival of Lights”- celebrated the miracle of 1 day of oil lasting 8 days at the rededication of the Temple in Jerusalem • Passover: a time to remember the slaves Exodus from Egypt

  10. Mitzvah • Bar Mitzvah- “son of commandment”-occurs when a boy is 13 • Bat Mitzvah- “daughter of commandment”- occurs when a girl is 12 • These are ceremonies held to celebrate the child’s passage to adulthood

  11. FACTS • Rabbi- a Jewish spiritual leader • Worldwide population-14.5 million • Christianity and Islam grew out of Judaism • Judaism is practiced all over the world, but many Jews live in Israel, where a Jewish state was created in 1948.

  12. Symbol • The Star of David, also called the Shield of David, is a very important symbol of Judaism. The symbol honors King David, who ruled the Kingdom of Israel about 1000-962 B.C.

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