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Pro c ess and perspective of the EU enlargement

Pro c ess and perspective of the EU enlargement. University of Agriculture in Krakow Department: Agriculture and Economics Direction: Economy Year: I I , master degree Grzegorz Golab Anna Kopec Marek Puškár Adana 201 1. Plan of presentation. Introduction The begining of EU

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Pro c ess and perspective of the EU enlargement

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  1. Process and perspective of the EU enlargement University of Agriculture in Krakow Department: Agriculture and Economics Direction: Economy Year: II, master degree Grzegorz Golab Anna Kopec Marek Puškár Adana 2011

  2. Plan of presentation Introduction • The begining of EU • The History of the process of EU’s enlargement • Perspective of the EU enlargements • European Enlargement Process • Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance (IPA) Conclusion

  3. Enlargements of EU 1951 ECSC: France,Italy, Germany, Belgium,The Netherlands, Luxembourg, 1973:Denmark, Ireland, and UK, 1981: Greece, 1986:Spain and Portugal, 1995: Austria, Finland and Sweden, 2004:Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, 2007:Romania and Bulgaria,

  4. The largest enlargement, 2004 • First of May 2004, after 15 years of reforms, 10 new countries became members of the European Union: • Poland, Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia; • Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania; • Slovenia; • Cyprus and Malta. • This enlargement added 75 million new citizens to the EU increasing its population to 450 million.

  5. The European Union on the map New Member States (2007): Bulgaria, Romania. Candidate Countries:Croatia, Iceland, Montenegro , The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,Turkey. Potential Candidate Countries: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Kosovo under UN Security Council Resolution 1244

  6. European Enlargement Process

  7. Who can join EU? enlargement is a key transformationalforce; inspiringdemocraticand economic change; liberalisation the zone of peace,stability and prosperity Membership in the EU is a choice of freeand democratic nations who have decidedto share the European identity and to pooltheirsovereignty voluntarily under the EU.

  8. Who decides? Every major decision leading to a country’saccession is taken unanimously by the governmentsof the EU member states in theCouncil of the European Union. All of the key decisionsare taken by the relevant democraticallyelected bodies in each member state andat EU level.

  9. How are enlargements prepared? In 1993, the EU defined precise accession criteria for each Member State (known as the Copenhagen Criteria): political: stability of institutions, democracy, the rule of law, human rights and respect for minorities; economic: functioning market economy and the capacity; acceptance of the European Community acquis.

  10. Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance (IPA) The aims of the IPA are: to enhance the efficiency and coherence of aid byinstitutional capacity, cross-border cooperation, economic and social development and rural development. Pre-accession assistance supports the stabilisation and association process of candidate countries and potential candidate countries while respecting their specific features.

  11. What next? Once the countries granted the status of aplicant States satisfy Copenhagen Criteria, accessions negotiations are ready to begin. The European Council decides whether negotiations should be opened on the basis of an opinion from the Comission. Each accession country is judged individually and the degree of preparation may vary from one applicant to another.

  12. Main points of negotiating the aim, namely accession; the negotiation principles and procedures; the points to be negotiated, the link between political and economic reform in the applicant country; the conclusion of negotiations.

  13. Once the negotiations have been complited, the accession processes comes to an end and an agreement, called the Accession Treaty, may be conducted between the Member States and the applicant country to mark accession.

  14. How much does it cost? The EU’s financial assistance to the newmember states represents approximately0.2 % of the gross domestic product of theold members(rising to 0.3 % by 2013). Money spent tohelp develop the economies of the newmember states creates new business opportunities.

  15. Is there a limit to enlargement? The EU Treaty says that any European countrythat meets with Copenhagen Criteria may applyfor EU membership. This does notmean that all European countries will apply,or that the EU must accept all applications. Morocco’s 1987 membershipapplication was rejected.

  16. Conclusions 27 Memebers State About 500 milion people Peace, freedom, democracy and the rule of law New economic opportunities

  17. Conclusions „If Europe were once united in the sharing of its common inheritence there would be no limit to the happiness, prosperity and glory we are to form a United States of Europe […]” Speech by Winston Churchill, Zurich, 19 September 1946

  18. References • Bielik P. ,2010. Economics, Social Policies and Citizenship in the Europe of Regions. Slovak University in Nitra • http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/the-policy/process-of-enlargement/index_en.htm • http://europa.eu/index_pl.htm • http://www.lga.gov.uk

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