By Rashid S. Kaukab Deputy Director and Research Coordinator, CUTS Geneva Resource Centre

1. Fostering Equity and Accountability in the Trading System (FEATS) Project: Meeting with Key Stakeholders 29 March 2010 Inclusiveness of Trade Policy Making in Zambia: Presentation of the Main Findings of the First Phase Research By Rashid S. Kaukab Deputy Director and Research Coordinator, CUTS Geneva Resource Centre www.cuts-grc.org

2. Structure of Presentation • Introduction • Trade policy making process in Zambia: key consultative mechanisms • Challenges in participation: views of stakeholders • Measuring inclusiveness: the Inclusive Trade Policy Making (ITPM) Index • Conclusions and Recommendations

3. I. Introduction • FEATS first phase research focus on trade policy making process and role of stakeholders in Kenya, Malawi, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia • Importance of inclusive trade policy making to ensure national multi-stakeholder ownership • Two publications titled “Towards More Inclusive Trade Policy Making: Process and Role of Stakeholders in Select African Countries” (full research publication) and “Improving Ownership through Inclusive Trade Policy Making Process: Lessons from Africa” (short advocacy monograph) • Measuring inclusiveness: Inclusive Trade Policy Making (ITPM) Index

4. II. Trade Policy Making Process in Zambia: Key Consultative Mechanisms

5. II. Trade Policy Making Process in Zambia:Key Consultative Mechanisms

6. III. Challenges in Participation as Viewed by Stakeholders Ministry of Commerce, Trade and Industry (MCTI) • Limited number of technical staff • Need to improve the information flow to all stakeholders, particularly non-state actors

7. III. Challenges in Participation as Viewed by Stakeholders Other relevant Government Ministries and Agencies • Need for coherence in various policies, strategies and plans to avoid contradictions • Lack of capacity of all relevant ministries and government agencies to understand and implement the linkages between trade policy and their respective areas • Issues of coordination among governmental machinery • Lack of regular and timely information flow on trade issues

8. III. Challenges in Participation as Viewed by Stakeholders Private Sector Umbrella Organizations • Lack of analytical capacity • Lack of interest in broad trade policy issues • Need for reconciling multiple interests

9. III. Challenges in Participation as Viewed by Stakeholders Civil Society Organisations (CSOs) • Lack of capacity and technical human resources • Lack of domestic specialists on trade issues • Need for better coordination and information sharing among CSOs • Limited opportunities for effective participation

10. IV. Measuring inclusiveness: the Inclusive Trade Policy Making (ITPM) Index IPTM Index: Action Variables, Actors and Values Part I: Ministry Responsible for Trade Policy

11. IV. Measuring inclusiveness: the Inclusive Trade Policy Making (ITPM) Index IPTM Index: Action Variables, Actors and Values Parts II, III, and IV: Other Relevant Government Ministries, Private Sector, and CSOs

12. IV. Measuring inclusiveness: the Inclusive Trade Policy Making (ITPM) Index Explanation of Possible Action Values • Yes = maximum value of 1 = when appropriate action has been taken by the actor concerned • Many/Most = high value of 0.75 = when quite a lot has been done but some gaps remain • Some = intermediate value of 0.5 = when action has been taken but is not sufficient • Few / Little = low value of 0.25 = when some action has been taken but much remains • No = 0 value assigned = when no action has been taken by the actor concerned

13. IV. Measuring inclusiveness: the Inclusive Trade Policy Making (ITPM) Index MCTI SCORE

14. IV. Measuring inclusiveness: the Inclusive Trade Policy Making (ITPM) Index Scores by Other Groups of Stakeholders

15. IV. Measuring inclusiveness: the Inclusive Trade Policy Making (ITPM) Index

16. IV. Measuring inclusiveness: the Inclusive Trade Policy Making (ITPM) Index

17. IV. Measuring inclusiveness: the Inclusive Trade Policy Making (ITPM) Index

18. V. Conclusions and Recommendations • Several consultative mechanisms on trade issues established; however • Lack legal mandates and adequate resources • Not all trade issues covered by consultative fora • Irregular and ad hoc functioning • Improved stakeholders participation; but • Not all stakeholders being represented • Not all stakeholders have equal opportunities to participate

19. V. Conclusions and Recommendations • Remaining challenges classified in three broad categories • Related to capacity (limited technical, human, and financial capacities of stakeholders) • Related to institutional and structural issues (design and functioning of consultative mechanisms) • Related to challenges internal to each group of stakeholders

20. V. Conclusions and Recommendations • Identification and involvement of remaining stakeholders: action by government and concerned ministries needed • Awareness-raising on trade issues: action by all actors needed • Regular information flow on trade issues to key stakeholders: action by concerned ministries needed • Rationalization and strengthening of consultative mechanisms: action by government and concerned ministries needed • Better coordination among relevant government ministries and agencies on trade issues: action by government needed

21. V. Conclusions and Recommendations • Better opportunities for CSO participation: action by MCTI needed • Better feedback and input loops between CSOs and the private sector umbrella organisations on the one hand, and their constituencies on the other: action by private sector umbrella organizations and CSOs needed • Investment on knowledge and expertise building: action by all including development partners needed • Promotion of a culture of dialogue and inclusiveness: sustained efforts by all stakeholders needed

22. Inclusiveness will generate national ownership which is the best guarantee for effective implementation of trade policy as part of overall development policy For further information please contact rsk@cuts.org or geneva@cuts.org