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Anatomy Review. Cat Muscles Written by Eduardo Alvarez & Roberto Martinez Students of Professor Gonsalves’ LACC Anatomy 1 Class. MUSCLES OF MASTICATION. Masseter. Origin: Zygomatic Bone Insertion: Mandible Action: Elevates Mandible. Temporalis. Origin: Temporal Bone Insertion:
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Anatomy Review Cat Muscles Written by Eduardo Alvarez & Roberto Martinez Students of Professor Gonsalves’ LACC Anatomy 1 Class
Masseter • Origin: • Zygomatic Bone • Insertion: • Mandible • Action: • Elevates Mandible
Temporalis • Origin: • Temporal Bone • Insertion: • Mandible • Action: • Elevates and Retracts Mandible
Digastric • Origin: • Occipital Bone and Mastoid Process • Insertion: • Mandible • Action: • Depresses Lower Jaw
Mylohyoid • Origin: • Mandible • Insertion: • Hyoid Bone • Action: • Raises Floor of Mouth and Pulls Hyoid Forward
Sternomastoid (only in cats) • Origin: • Sternum • Insertion: • Mastoid Process • Action: • Turns and Depresses Head
Cleido-mastoid • Origin: • Clavicle • Insertion: • Mastoid Process • Action: • Pulls Head Laterally and Pulls Clavicle Craniad
Sternohyoid • Origin: • First Rib (Intercostal) • Insertion: • Hyoid Bone • Action: • Pulls Hyoid Caudally, Raises Ribs and Sternum
Sternothyroid • Origin: • First Rib (Intercostal) • Insertion: • Larynx • Action: • Pulls Larynx Caudal (down)
Thyrohyoid • Origin: • Thyroid Cartilage of Larynx • Insertion: • Hyoid Bone • Action: • Raises Larynx
Geniohyoid(deep to Mylohyoid) • Origin: • Mandible • Insertion: • Hyoid Bone • Action: • Pulls Hyoid Craniad (up)
MUSCLES THAT ATTACH PECTORAL APPENDAGES TO THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN
Trapezius • Origin: • Occipital Bone and Cervical and Thoracic Vertebrae • Insertion: • Scapula and clavicle • Action: • Raises Clavicle, Adducts, Elevates and Depresses Scapula
Latissimus Dorsi • Origin: • Thoracic and Lumbar Vertebrae • Insertion: • Humerus • Action: • Pulls Arm Dorsad (back) and Caudad (down)
RhomboideusCapitis • Origin: • Lamboidal Ridge • Insertion: • Scapula • Action: • Pulls Scapula Craniad (up)
RhomboideusMinor • Origin: • Thoracic Vertebrae • Insertion: • Scapula • Action: • Pulls scapula dorsally and medially capitis
RhomboideusMajor • Origin: • Thoracic Vertebrae • Insertion: • Scapula • Action: • Pulls Scapula Dorsally (toward back) and Medially (towards midline) capitis
LevatorScapulaeVentralis • Origin: • Occipital Bone and Atlas (C1) • Insertion: • Scapula • Action: • Pulls Scapula Craniad (toward head)
MUSCLES THAT ATTACH PECTORAL APPENDAGES TO VENTRAL AND BODY WALL
Pectoante-brachialis(cat only) • Origin: • Sternum • Insertion: • Forearm (proximal end) • Action: • Adducts Arm
Pectoralis Major • Origin: • Sternum • Insertion: • Humerus • Action: • Adducts Arm
Pectoralis Minor • Origin: • Sternum • Insertion: • Humerus • Action: • Adducts Arm
Xiphi-humeralis(cat only) • Origin: • Xiphoid Process • Insertion: • Humerus • Action: • Adducts Arm
SerratusVentralis • Origin: • First 10 Ribs • Insertion: • Scapula • Action: • Pulls Scapula Forward & Depresses Scapula
(Deltoid)Clavodeltoid • Origin: • Clavicle and Clavotrapezius muscle • Insertion: • Humerus • Action: • Flexes Forearm
(Deltoid)Acromio-deltoid • Origin: • Scapula • Insertion: • Humerus • Action: • Flexes Humerus and Rotates it Outward
(Deltoid)Spinodeltoid • Origin: • Scapula • Insertion: • Humerus • Action: • Flexes Humerus and Rotates it Outward
Supraspinatus • Origin: • Scapula • Insertion: • Humerus • Action: • Extends Humerus
Infra-spinatus Rhomboideus major • Origin: • Scapula • Insertion: • Humerus • Action: • Rotates Humerus Outward Teres major
Teres Major Rhomboideus major • Origin: • Scapula • Insertion: • Humerus • Action: • Flexes forearm and Rotates it inward
Sub-Scapularis • Origin: • Scapula • Insertion: • Humerus • Action: • Pulls Humerus Medially
Triceps Brachii Lateral head Medial head • Origin: • Long Head: Scapula Lateral Head and Medial Head: Humerus • Insertion: • Ulna • Action: • Extends Forearm Long head
Biceps Brachii • Origin: • Scapula • Insertion: • Radius • Action: • Flexes and Supinates Forearm
Brachialis • Origin: • Humerus • Insertion: • Ulna • Action: • Flexes Forearm
MUSCLES OF THE TRUNK Thoracic Region
Origin: Caudal border of one rib Insertion: Crainal border of rib caudad Action: Raises Rib (Inhalation) Origin: Cranial border of one rib Insertion: Caudal border of rib above Action: Draw Adjacent Ribs Together and Lower Rib External Intercostals Internal Intercostals
Extenal Abdominal Oblique • Origin: • Last nine Ribs • Insertion: • Linea Alba from Sternum to Pubis • Action: • Compresses Abdomen
Transversus Abdominis • Origin: • Costal cartilage of False Ribs, Lumbar Vertabrae, and Ilium • Insertion: • Linea Alba • Action: • Compresses the Abdomen
Extensor dorsi communis • Muscle Groups: • Spinalis • Longissimus • Iliocostalis • Action: • Extends Vertebral Column
Tensor fascia latae • Origin: • Ilium • Insertion: • Patella and Tibia • Action: • Extends Thigh, Aids in Abduction and Rotation
Caudo-femoralis • Origin: • 2 and 3 Caudal Vertebrae • Insertion: • Patella • Action: • Abducts Thigh and Extends Shank
Gluteus Maximus • Origin: • Sacral and Caudal Vertebrae • Insertion: • Femur • Action: • Abducts Thigh
Gluteus Medius • Origin: • Sacral and Caudal Vertebrae & Ilium • Insertion: • Femur • Action: • Abducts Thigh
MUSCLES OF THE THIGH Dorsal Femoral Group (Flexors)