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EMOTIONAL LABOUR (topics). Nature of Emotion – disorder Nature of Work –rationalisation Contradictions of emotional labour Emotion and domestic labour Emotional labour as control Emotion and hierarchy Gender and emotions Emotion as Acting - surface and deep acting
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EMOTIONAL LABOUR (topics) • Nature of Emotion – disorder • Nature of Work –rationalisation • Contradictions of emotional labour • Emotion and domestic labour • Emotional labour as control • Emotion and hierarchy • Gender and emotions • Emotion as Acting - surface and deep acting • Emotional labour among workers • Types of emotional orientation – empathy and sympathy • Power and emotions – emotional attachment to/detachment from the organisation • Trust
EMOTION Strong instinctive feeling such as love or fear Source: Concise Oxford dictionary
EMOTIONAL LABOUR (definition) (in fulfilment of an official or unofficial contract of labour) ‘inducing or suppressing a feeling so as to produce a behaviour that produces required feeling responses in others’ adapted from Hochschild A ‘The Managed Heart’
Emotional Labour = • a) Displaying emotions • b) Handling emotions
Emotion and Reason • emotion as ‘unreasoned opinion’; • the object of control in the civilising process - Elias • a threat to the rationalisation of the modern workplace - Braverman, Ritzer • But: • a) thelong history of professional and craft pride encouraging high quality work • b) the use of emotional ties among workers as a management tool to increase attachment to the workplace
Expanding or Counter rationalisation • emotional labour crosses the boundary between public and private a) domestic labour – work into home? b) service industries – home into work?
Emotional Labour as Control • Family/Housework model of care work • Training ‘consumers’ to display non-disruptive emotions
Status of Emotional Labour • Typical inverse relationship between hierarchical location and performance of emotional labour
Gender and Emotion • Distribution of emotional labour draws on gender stereotypes • Male affective neutrality • Female emotional engagement
Emotional Labour as Performance • Surface acting Problem of mistaking performance and authenticity; betrayal of trust • Deep acting Colonisation of emotion
Emotional Distance and Job Status • Empathy: ‘ability to identify with a person or object’ professional labour, typically male • Sympathy: ‘sharing of another’s feelings’ routine labour, typically female • Source Concise Oxford Dictionary
Limiting Emotion • In ‘flexible times’ emotional attachment to the job/organisation is potentially dangerous