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Identifying Plants in Winter

Identifying Plants in Winter. By Charlie Dubay Workshop presented to John Clayton Chapter, VNPS on 2/18/12. Slides 1-5: Reference: www.dof.virginia.gov. SOME WAYS WE IDENTIFY WOODY PLANTS IN WINTER Old leaves (on ground or dried on the tree) Buds (number/shape/color)

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Identifying Plants in Winter

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  1. Identifying Plants in Winter By Charlie Dubay Workshop presented to John Clayton Chapter, VNPS on 2/18/12 Slides 1-5: Reference: www.dof.virginia.gov

  2. SOME WAYS WE IDENTIFY • WOODY PLANTS IN WINTER • Old leaves (on ground or dried on the tree) • Buds (number/shape/color) • Twig (color/rough/smooth/fat/thin/thorns/zig-zag) • Twig odor when scratched • Leaf/bud/twig attachment (opposite/alternate) • Leaf type (scale/needle/broad/compound/simple) • Leaf scar (shape/bud position/bundle scars) • Evergreen or deciduous • Bark (rough/smooth/color/lower branches) • Fruits (dried or ripe on tree or on ground) • Habitat (wet/dry/shade/sun/slope/flat) • Plant growth form (vine/shrub/tree)

  3. What to look for to ID plants • DESCRIPTIONS • Circle all that apply: • Dof.virginia.gov oregonmag.com hsbcubscouts.org • A. Leaf Type: Scale Needle BroadEvergreen or • Deciduous • Compound or Simple Buckeyeleaf.com dkimages.com z.about.com marz-kreations.com • palmatepinnate palmate Pinnate • Leafletsleafletsveinsveins • B. Leaf Attachment: Opposite or Alternate • dnr.state.md.us dnr.state.md.us • C. Leaf Size: ( Use ruler on page edge →) • (or you can estimate – First • joint in thumb = 1 inch) Length: _________inches Width: __________ inches • D. Describe/sketch Fruits (if present): State the date: • (Give size as well) • E. Describe/sketch Flowers (if present): State the date: • (Give size as well)

  4. Leaf Type: scale Needle Broad

  5. Simple: Palmate veins Pinnate veins Compound: Palmate leaflets Pinnate leaflets

  6. Opposite Alternate

  7. C. Leaf Size: ( Use ruler on page edge →) (or you can estimate – First joint in thumb = 1 inch) Length: _________inches Width: __________ inches D. Describe/sketch Fruits (if present): State the date: (Give size as well) E. Describe/sketch Flowers (if present): State the date: (Give size as well)

  8. F. Leaf Edge: Entire (smooth) (no teeth or lobes) teeth Lobes rounded lobes bristle hairs at lobe tips

  9. Habitat: Buds: Black Gum ibiblio.org botany.csdl.tamu.edu TWIG (the VERY TIP PART of the branch): thickness markings or bumps or bends Attachment(opposite/alternate color(s) ODOR

  10. mature bark White Oak Group Red Oak Group Yellow Poplar

  11. Examples of local forest Plants and plant-like Organisms

  12. LICHENS: Part Fungus and part Alga WWW.CLBT.ORG

  13. THREE GROWTH FORMS: CRUSTOSE FOLIOSE FRUTICOSE

  14. Moss

  15. FERNS Fiddle heads Adult fern CHRISTMAS FERN

  16. Devil’s Walking Stick dkimages.com butler.edu

  17. American Beech Duke.edu dcnr.state.pa.us Note: dried leaves stay on tree in winter – Buds resemble thorns Nuts are delicious!!

  18. American Hornbeam Compare to Eastern Hophornbeam (Ostrya virginiana) with Its peely bark!! botany.csdl.tamu.edu Smooth ‘wavy’ bark

  19. The oaks (Have multiple buds at twig tip!!) Northern Red Oak Scarlet Oak (Whitish hairs on bud tips) cas.vanderbilt.edu

  20. C E A Smooth back or chestofbooks.com chestofbooks.com departments.bloomu.edu D Soft fuzz on back F B

  21. Yellow Poplar: C E A F B D

  22. Sweetgum

  23. Black Gum 1 INCH ‘HEXAGONS’ Light colored tip on DARK red buds botany.csdl.tamu.edu ibiblio.org B C A

  24. (NOT-why?) Persimmon Persimmon B fp.auburn.edu A C

  25. A SOURWOOD C D gloucesterva.info OFTEN LEANS fp.auburn.ed B TAN IN GROOVES

  26. SYCAMORE How do we know it isn’t Sweetgum (4 WAYS)? A D B biology.clc.uc.edu tree-species.blogspot.com commons.wikimedia.org ncrowdkids.com flickr.com Sweetgum C E F

  27. BLACK CHERRY Twig & Bud Young bark Old bark Scratch & it STINKS!! una.edu cas.vanderbilt.edu

  28. Hickory species (Probably Mockernut H.) msuplants.com chestofbooks.com dailykos.com With criss-cross markings on bark (behind the Beech) Thick husk - thin husk On Mockernut on Pignut

  29. River Birch

  30. Eastern Red Cedar forestry.about.com treesandshrubs.about.com Bark 2 types of needles

  31. Pines of Williamsburg, VA Loblolly Virginia Shortleaf cnr.vt.edu cas.vanderbilt.edu earlyforest.com forestry.ky.gov mdc.mo.gov Virginia Loblolly or Shortleaf

  32. American Holly floridata.com

  33. OPPOSITE LEAF TREES The “MAD” Trees!! (Maple, Ash & Dogwood)

  34. Red Maple: woodmagic.vt.edu Find similar images outdoors.org outdoors.org outdoors.org tapmytrees.com Older bark Like white oak treegrowersdiary.com Young bark

  35. Ash Twigs in Winter Green Ash White Ash http://ohioline.osu.edu/for-fact/0055.html

  36. Flowering Dogwood (watch for Swamp Dogwood in wetlands) treetopics.com flwildflowers.com treetopics.com missouriplants.com

  37. Wild Grape – Probably Muscadine Grape

  38. Cross vine Young – 2 leaf stage

  39. Summer Winter Poison Ivy chestofbooks.com urban-science.blogspot.com duke.edu sfrc.ufl.edu

  40. Let’s see how much we remember:Use the answer sheet provided 1. 3. 2. 4.

  41. 5. 7. biology.clc.uc.edu duke.edu 6. 8.

  42. 9. 11. mdc.mo.gov duke.edu 10. 12. floridata.com 42

  43. 13. 15. 14. 16. ibiblio.org fp.auburn.edu 43

  44. 17. 19. chestofbooks.com 18. 20. 44

  45. ANSWER KEY • Eastern Red cedar • River Birch • Black Cherry/Cherrybark Oak • Foliose Lichen • Sycamore • Red Maple • Poison Ivy • Cross Vine • Shortleaf Pine • Flowering Dogwood • Cross Vine • American Holly • Sourwood • Persimmon • American Hornbeam • Black Gum • Devil’s Walking Stick • Red Oak GROUP • Basket Oak • Yellow Poplar

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