1 / 10

NUTRITION

BIOCHEMISTRY

mprasadnaidu
Download Presentation

NUTRITION

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. NUTRITION M.Prasad Naidu MSc Medical Biochemistry, Ph.D,.

  2. Introduction • Energy expenditure • 2 types • Energy Expenditure in doing D2D activities • EE in doing involuntary works • Calorific value of foods • Bomb calorimeter • Unit of Energy

  3. Introduction • Calorific value may be defined as the amount of heat energy obtained by burning 1gm of the food stuff completely in the presence of O2 • A calorie may be defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temp of 1gm of water by 10C • Average values • Car – 4.1; Fats – 9.3; Pro-4.7

  4. BMR • The rate of energy production under basal conditions per unit time (1hr) and per sq.mt of body surface is known as BMR or • the amount of heat given out by a subject who though awake is lying a state of max.physical and mental rest under comfortable conditions of temp, pressure & humidity, 12-18hrs after meal (post absorptive state)

  5. Basal conditions • Person should awake but at complete rest both physical and mental • Person should be without food for atlease 12-18hrs i.e., post absorptive state • Person should be in recumbent /reclining position on bed • Person should remain in normal environmental conditions like normal temp, humidity, pressure etc

  6. Determination of BMR • 1. Open circuit method: both O2 consumption and CO2 output are measured • Requires a high degree of tech skill and a combussom apparatus • Less rapid and more accurate • Tissot method and Douglous method • 2. Closed circuit method: only O2 consumption • Clinical practice (2-6 min under basal conditions) • Closed circuit system • Benedict-roth metobolism apparatus

  7. Factors affecting BMR • Age: children much higher than adults • 6y65.5 • 12y50.4 • 20-30y 40 • 40-70y  38.5 to 35 • Sex: women < males (females 5-17y more) • Surface Area: α BMR ( Cal/Sq.m/hr) • Climate: colder (high) tropical (low) • State of Nutrition: BMR ↓ malnutrition, starvation • Body Temp: BMR ↑10% with a rise in 10C • Barometric pressure: rapid fall of O2 ↑ BMR • Habits: Trained athlets & manual workers • Drugs: Caffine, Benzidrine,epinephrine,alcohol ↑ BMR • Anaesthetics ↓ BMR • Hormones: thyroid, adrenal medulla, anterior pituitary ↑ BMR • ! Mg thyroxine ↑ BMR by about 1000 cal • Androgens  10% ↑ BMR • Pregnancy: the BMR of pregnant mother after 6 months of gestation rises

  8. Clinical aspect • Pathological variations in BMR: • 1. Fever: • 2. Diseases: (Leukaemias 21-80%), (Polycythemia 10-40%),(Cardiac failure / hypertension 28-80%) • 3. Endocrine Diseases • Determination of BMR is mainly used for the assesment of thyroid function • In Hyperthyroidism +75% or more • In hypothyroidism  -40% or more

  9. Importance of BMR • As a diagnostic aid • In the calculation of caloric requirements of an individual for prescribing a diet of adequate calorific value and planning nutrition for individuals or communities and populations at large • To note the effect of foods and drugs on BMR

  10. THANK YOU

More Related