Kinds of Union Arrangements

1. Kinds of Union Arrangements • Four General Types of Union Arrangements • Closed Shops • Employer agrees to only hire union members • Taft-Hartley Act made closed shops illegal • Union Shops • Do not have to belong to be hired • Must join soon after being hired • Cannot require membership before 30 days of employment • 21 states prohibit mandatory union membership

2. Kinds of Union Arrangements • Modified Union Shops • Workers do not have to belong to a union to be hired • Cannot be made to join one to keep their jobs • If they choose to join, they must remain members • Agency Shops • Workers need not be union members to be hired or keep their jobs • Must pay dues to the union • Nonunion workers are subject to contract negotiated by the union

3. Collective Bargaining • Meeting between representatives for labor and management • Elected union officials represent laborers • Company officials in charge of labor represent management • Grievance procedures are used • Provision for resolving issues • Mediation – 3rd party trying to come up with a solution both sides like • Neither side has to accept the mediator’s recommendation • Arbitration – third party decision, which if final • Voluntary arbitration – both sides agree Compulsory arbitration – one side is forced

4. Collective Bargaining • More Grievance Procedures • Fact-Finding • Agree to have a 3rd party investigate issues and recommend settlements • Proves one side over another • Injunction and Seizure • Injunction – a court order not to act • Can direct a union not to strike • Can direct a company not to lock out workers • Seizure – government takes over operations • Presidential Intervention • President will appeal to both sides of a dispute