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Plant Diversity

Plant Diversity. Objectives. Learn the basic characteristics of 10 plant phyla belonging to the following groups: the non-vascular plants (3 phyla), the seedless vascular plants (2 phyla), and the vascular seed plants (5 phyla)

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Plant Diversity

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  1. Plant Diversity

  2. Objectives • Learn the basic characteristics of 10 plant phyla belonging to the following groups: the non-vascular plants (3 phyla), the seedless vascular plants (2 phyla), and the vascular seed plants (5 phyla) • Describe the basic plant life cycle and details of the angiosperm life cycle • Observe the body plans of liverworts, mosses, ferns, gymnosperms, and angiosperms • Compare the morphology of monocots vs. dicots

  3. Plant Evolution • What adaptations allow plants to live on land? • Vascular tissue • Seeds • Pollen • A waxy cuticle • Lignin • stomata

  4. Alternation of Generations

  5. 4 Plant Groups • “nonvascular plants” - Bryophytes • Most simple, oldest land plant • “seedless vascular plants” - Pteridophytes • “naked seed plants” - Gymnosperms • “flowering plants” - Angiosperms

  6. 10 Plant Phyla • Mosses (Bryophyta) • Liverworts (Hepatophyta) • Hornworts (Antocerophyta) • Ferns (Pterophyta) • Club Mosses (Lycophyta) • Conifers (Coniferaphyta) • Ginko (Gincophyta) • Gnetophytes (Gnetophyta) • Cycads (Cycadophyta) • Flowering Plants (Anthophyta)

  7. Non-Vascular Plants: Antocerophyta, Bryophyta, Hepatophyta • Hornworts, Mosses and Liverworts • Nonvascular plants - restricts height • Gametophyte is the dominant (conspicuous plant) • Possess antheridia and archegonia to keep gametes from drying out • Live in moist habitats- flagellated sperm • Lack true leaves, stems, and roots • rhizoids

  8. Seedless Vascular Plants • Includes the club mosses (Lycophyta) and the ferns (Pterophyta) • Dominant sporophyte generation and presence of vascular tissue • Also requires moist habitats- flagellated sperm

  9. Pterophyta-Ferns Dominant during the carboniferous period – thanks ferns, for all of our fossil fuels!

  10. - Seeds - Gymnosperms & Angiosperms

  11. Gymnosperm Life Cycle Heterosporous – Microspore and Megaspore (microspore in male cone and becomes male gametophyte, megaspore in female cone and becomes female gametophyte)

  12. Gymnosperms: Coniferophyta, the Cycadophyta, Gnetophyta, and the Ginkgophyta • Reproduce via Cones (equivalent to flowers) • The name means “naked seeds” – no fruits

  13. Cycadophyta

  14. Gingkophyta

  15. Phylum Coniferophyta

  16. Gnetophyta

  17. Seed Structures

  18. Phylum Anthophyta (Angiosperms) • Flowering plants • Most diversified and abundant plant group (more than 230,000 species) – good for humans! • Have flowers used for reproduction • Produce their seeds enclosed in a fruit • Includes both herbaceous and woody plants

  19. Anthophyta Life Cycle- also heterosporous

  20. MONOCOTS VS. DICOTS

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