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TOWARDS A NEW NORTHRIDGE AFTER THE JANUARY 17, 1994 EARTHQUAKE

Learn from the Northridge earthquake to advance preparedness and resilience for future disasters. Explore key recommendations and strategies for enhancing safety and recovery.

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TOWARDS A NEW NORTHRIDGE AFTER THE JANUARY 17, 1994 EARTHQUAKE

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  1. TOWARDS A NEW NORTHRIDGE AFTER THE JANUARY 17, 1994 EARTHQUAKE Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA 

  2. NORTHRIDGE, CALIFORNIA EARTHQUAKE 4:31 AM ON JANUARY 17, 1994 M 6.8 57 DEATHS $50 BILLION LOSS FRAGILE INFRASTRUCTURE EXPOSED

  3. KOBE, JAPAN EARTHQUAKE 5:46 AM ON JANUARY 17, 1995 M 6.9 6,000 DEATHS $200 BILLION LOSS FRAGILE INFRASTRUCTURE EXPOSED

  4. NOTE: Working cooperatively with Japan one year later after the Kobe, Japan earthquake occurred helped accelerate the recovery and reconstruction process in Northridge and promote preparedness planning in So. California

  5. NORTHRIDGE IS IN THE LOS ANGELES BASIN

  6. THE JANUARY 17th EARTHQUAKE WAS NOT THE “BIG ONE”

  7. NORTHRIDGE EARTHQUAKE • THE EARTHQUAKE OCCURRED ON A “BLIND” THRUST FAULT THAT DID NOT BREAK THE SURFACE • ALMOST A “BULLS EYE” URBAN EARTHQUAKE

  8. FAULT SYSTEM: NORTHRIDGE EARTHQUAKE

  9. BLIND THRUST FAULTS: A blind thrust fault is assoc-iated with anticlinal folding and does NOT always show clear signs of its subsurface existence on the Earth's surface

  10. NORTHRIDGE EARTHQUAKE • 57 DEATHS • 9,000 INJURIES • OVER $50 BILLION DAMAGE • TRANSPORT-ATION SYSTEMS FAILED

  11. NORTHRIDGE EARTHQUAKE • THE BUILDING STOCK AND INFRASTRUCTURE OF A LARGE URBAN AREA FAILED WHEN SUBJECTED TO VERY STRONG GROUND SHAKING

  12. NORTHRIDGE EARTHQUAKE • UTILITY SERVICES DISRUPTED • EXPLOSION AND FIRE

  13. NORTHRIDGE EARTHQUAKE • UTILITY CORRIDORS DISRUPTED AND DAMAGED BY LIQUEFACTION

  14. NORTHRIDGE EARTHQUAKE • PARKING FACILITY COLLAPSED

  15. COMMERCIAL BUILDING COLLAPSE

  16. COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS • FLAWS FOUND IN THE WELDED CONNECTIONS OF 400 STEEL MOMENT-RESISTING FRAME BUILDINGS

  17. THE GOVERNOR OF CALIFORNIA PROVIDED LEADERSHIP FOR URGENT POLITICAL ACTIONS AND TECHNICAL ACTIONS OF THE GOVERNOR’S SEISMIC SAFETY COMMISSION (CSSC)

  18. POLITICAL SOLUTIONS CA STAPLE FACTORS S P O T FACT: THE COMMON AGENDA FOR THE ACTIONS WAS BASED ON CALIFORNIA’S STAPLE FACTORS IN 1994 TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS

  19. THE STAPLE FACTORS VARY WITH • TIME • PLACE • CIRCUMSTANCES

  20. SSC’S REPORT: “TURNING LOSS TO GAIN” RECOMMENDATION ACCELERATE THE HAZARDMAPPING PROGRAM USE GEOLOGIC INFORMATION AND MAPS FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION MEASURES SSC’S RECOMMENDATIONS TO GOVERNOR PETE WILSON

  21. SSC’S REPORT:“TURNING LOSS TO GAIN” RECOMMENDATION CONTINUE SUPPORT OF STATE’S STROMG MOTION PROGRAM INCREASE INSTRUMENTATION IN MAJOR URBAN AREAS SSC’S RECOMMENDATIONS TO GOVERNOR PETE WILSON

  22. SSC’S REPORT: “TURNING LOSS TO GAIN” RECOMMENDATION ACCELERATE THE IDENTIFICATION AND MAPPING OF AREAS WHERE ACTIVE “BLIND” THRUST FAUTS EXIST SSC’S RECOMMENDATIONS TO GOVERNOR PETE WILSON

  23. CALIFORNIA’S FAULTS (SOURCE: CDMG)

  24. SSC’S REPORT:“TURNING LOSS TO GAIN” RECOMMENDATION INCORPORATE KNOWLEDGE OF EFFECTS OF POOR SOIL CONDITIONS INTO BUILDING CODES AND LIFELINE STANDARDS SSC’S RECOMMENDATIONS TO GOVERNOR PETE WILSON

  25. SSC’S REPORT:“TURNING LOSS TO GAIN” RECOMMENDATION INCORPORATE KNOWLEDGE OF LOCATIONS OF PERMANENT GROUND DEFORMATION INTO HAZARD ZONE MAPS SSC’S RECOMMENDATIONS TO GOVERNOR PETE WILSON

  26. SSC’S REPORT:“TURNING LOSS TO GAIN” RECOMMENDATION ACCELERATE ACTIVITIES TO MAKE ALL EXISTING BUILDING STOCK SAFER (i.e., FROM DWELLINGS TO SCHOOLS/HOSPITALS SSC’S RECOMMENDATIONS TO GOVERNOR PETE WILSON

  27. SSC’S REPORT:“TURNING LOSS TO GAIN” RECOMMENDATION ACCELERATE EDUCATION AND INTERACTION WITH BUILDING OWNERS, DESIGNERS, AND CONTRACTORS TO IMPROVE SEISMIC SAFETY SSC’S RECOMMENDATIONS TO GOVERNOR PETE WILSON

  28. SSC’S REPORT:“TURNING LOSS TO GAIN” RECOMMENDATION ACCELERATE ACTIVITIES TO MAKE EXISTING HIGHWAY SYSTEMS AND UTILITIES SAFER SSC’S RECOMMENDATIONS TO GOVERNOR PETE WILSON

  29. SSC’S REPORT:“TURNING LOSS TO GAIN” RECOMMENDATION DETERMINE HOW BEST TO REPAIR STEEL MOMENT-RESISTING FRAME CONNECTIONS SSC’S RECOMMENDATIONS TO GOVERNOR PETE WILSON

  30. State of California (1995), Turning Loss to Gain, Report of the Calirornia Seismic Safety Commission to Governor Pete Wilson’s on the Northridge Earthquake SSC Report 95-01, Sacramento, California, 160 p.

  31. TEN YEARS LATER A New NorthridgeTWENTY-ONE YEARS LATER Using Scenario Earthquakes to Advance Earthquake Disaster Resilience in Southern CA

  32. GOAL INTEGRATING ALL ACCUMULATED KNOWLEDGE INTO A COHERENT RISK MODEL TO ADVANCE PREPAREDNESS AND EARTHQUAKE DISASTER RESILIENCE

  33. GOAL:IMPROVE REGIONAL EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS (ESF's) Public Safety and Security Response (ESF 13) Evacuee Case Management (ESFs 6 & 8)

  34. GOAL:IMPROVE REGIONAL EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS (ESF's) Economic and Community Recovery (ESF 15) Fire Protection (ESF 4)

  35. GOAL:IMPROVE REGIONAL ESF's Critical Resource Logistics and Distribution  (ESF 7) Restoration of Lifelines (ESFs 3 & 12)

  36. GOAL:IMPROVE REGIONAL ESF's Hazardous Materials (ESF 10) Evacuee Case Mgmt / Family Reunification )  (ESF 6 & 8)

  37. EARTHQUAKE DISASTER RESILIENCE PREPAREDNESS PROTECTION PREVENTION ALL ELEMENTS ARE INTERRELATED RECOVERY/RE-CONSTRCTION EARLY WARNING EM. RESPONSE

  38. 2008: SCENARIO EARTHQUAKES FOR SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA SIMULATING WHAT SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA IS LIKELY TO EXPERIENCE IN THE FUTURE Source: US Geological Survey

  39. SCENARIO IS BASED ON KNOWLEDGE GAINED THROUGH MONITORING, RESEARCH, AND POSTEARTHQUAKESTUDIES THROUHOUT THE WORLD

  40. HAZARDS EXPOSURE VULNERABILITY LOCATION ELEMENTS OF A SCENARIO RISK

  41. SEISMICITY TECTONIC SETTING & FAULTS EARTHQUAKE HAZARD MODEL

  42. SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA AREA

  43. SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA “SHAKEOUT: SCENARIO Southern California is prone to earthquakes because of its location near the boundary between two major tectonic plates. Much, but not all, of the stress release happens on the San Andreas fault.

  44. SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA AREA The Location of “The Big One,” which occurred on the San Andreas fault in 1857 and moderate-to-large earthquakes that occurred on “blind” thrust faults (e.g., Northridge)

  45. HISTORIC EARTHQUAKES

  46. MAJOR FAULTS IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA

  47. 2008: EARTHQUAKE PROB-ABILITIES MAP

  48. SAN ANDREAS

  49. GROUND SHAKING 60 SECONDS AFTER FAULT RUPTURE

  50. THE Mw 7.8 SHAKEOUT QUAKE BE READY: The magnitude 7.8 ShakeOut earthquake will likely cause about 1800 deaths and $213 billion ineconomic losses.

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