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The Elements and Principles of Art

Explore the building blocks of art, including line, color, value, shape, form, space, texture, and the principles of balance, emphasis, contrast, repetition, pattern, and unity.

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The Elements and Principles of Art

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  1. TheElementsandPrinciplesof Art

  2. The Elements of Art The building blocks or ingredients of art.

  3. LINE A mark with length and direction. Ansel Adams Gustave Caillebotte A continuous mark made on a surface by a moving point.

  4. Pablo Picasso

  5. COLOR Consists of Hue (another word for color), Intensity (brightness) and Value (lightness or darkness). Henri Matisse Alexander Calder

  6. The lightness or darkness of a color. VALUE Pablo Picasso MC Escher

  7. SHAPE An enclosed area defined and determined by other art elements; 2-dimensional. Joan Miro

  8. Gustave Caillebotte

  9. FORM The structure of a 3-dimensional object. A triangle is a 2-dimensional shape, but a pyramid is a 3-dimensional form. Jean Arp

  10. S P A C E The distance or area between, around, above, below or within things. Foreground, Middleground and Background (creates DEPTH) Robert Mapplethorpe Claude Monet Positive (filled with something) and Negative (empty areas).

  11. TEXTURE The surface quality or "feel" of an object, its smoothness, roughness, softness, etc. Textures may be actual or implied.

  12. Cecil Buller

  13. The Principles of Art What we use to organize the Elements of Art, or the tools to make art.

  14. BALANCE The way the elements are arranged to create a feeling of stability in a work. Alexander Calder

  15. Symmetrical Balance Created when one side of an image mirrors the other (although the sides don’t have to be exactly the same). Leonardo DaVinci

  16. Asymmetrical Balance When the 2 halves are different in composition, (but visual weight of each side is equal). James Whistler

  17. EMPHASIS The focal point of an image, or one area or thing that stands out. Jim Dine Gustav Klimt

  18. CONTRAST Salvador Dali A notable difference between two things to create interest and tension. Ansel Adams

  19. RepetitionorRHYTHM and MOVEMENT The repetition of elements creates the feeling of movement. Marcel Duchamp

  20. Vincent VanGogh

  21. PATTERN Gustav Klimt The repetition of elements, especially shapes.

  22. UNITY When all the elements and principles work together to create a pleasing image. Johannes Vermeer

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