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KEY CONCEPT Nutrients are absorbed and solid wastes eliminated after digestion.

This concept explains how nutrients are absorbed in the small intestine and solid wastes are eliminated from the large intestine through the process of digestion. It also discusses the role of different structures in nutrient absorption and the functions of the liver and colon.

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KEY CONCEPT Nutrients are absorbed and solid wastes eliminated after digestion.

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  1. KEY CONCEPTNutrients are absorbed and solid wastes eliminated after digestion.

  2. Most absorption of nutrients occurs in the small intestine. • Three structures in the small intestine help absorb nutrients. • folded lining: adds surface area, slows food • villi: absorb nutrients • microvilli: cover villi, absorb nutrients

  3. liver small intestine • Duodenum-absorbs simple sugars, some amino acids, minerals • Jejunum-absorbs glucose, some amino acids, vit. C, B some water • ileum absorbs fat-soluble vit. B12, fatty acids, cholesterol, some water. • Nutrients enter the circulatory or lymphatic systems. • Liver stores excess glucose for future use.

  4. large intestine rectum/anus Water is absorbed and solid wastes are eliminated from the large intestine. • The colon helps to maintain the body’s fluid balance. • Undigested material forms the solid feces. • stored in rectum • eliminated through anus

  5. The large intestine contains many bacteria. • some synthesize important vitamins • Some, like E. coli, can cause illness

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