Understanding Basic Concepts in DRRM

1. Understanding Basic Concepts in DRRM Disaster Risk Reduction Network Philippines ( DRRNetphils)

2. The Philippines – a disaster risk epicenter

4. EARTHQUAKE GENERATORS OF THE PHILIPPINE ARCHIPELAGO

5. Located in the Pacific Ring of Fire – earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic hazards NDCC

6. PHILIPPINE SEISMICITY Magnitude 4 or greater 1907 - present

7. DESTRUCTIVE EARTHQUAKES OF THE PHILIPPINES

8. HAZARDS IN THE Eastern VISAYAS • Typhoons • Floods / Storm Surges • Landslides • Tsunami • Drought • Earthquakes • Epidemics • Agricultural (Infestations )

9. Archipelagic nature of the Philippine coastal areas - increases susceptibility to storm surges, tsunamis and sea level changes. Located in the Pacific Ring of Fire – earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic hazards Lies along the western part of the Pacific Ocean – monsoons, thunderstorm, ITCZ, typhoons, El Niño, La Niña Floods are common due to rains brought by typhoons and the monsoon.

10. Lies along the western part of the Pacific Ocean – monsoons, thunderstorm, ITCZ, typhoons, El Niño, La Niña

11. NORTHEAST MONSOON (AMIHAN) TROPICAL CYCLONE L L L L SOUTHWEST MONSOON (HABAGAT) INTERTROPICAL CONVERGENCE ZONE

12. Vulnerability in Southeast Asia • A January 2009 mapping study done by Dr. Arief Anshory Yusuf and Dr. Herminia Francisco of the Singapore-based Economy and Environment Program for Southeast Asia shows the vulnerability of Southeast Asia alone shows alarming trends.

17. Millions of Filipinos are at risk.

18. The Philippines ranks number one in the whole world in terms of number of reported disaster events within 2009. In 2009 the Philippines ranked second in terms of population affected by natural disasters and third in the world in terms of number of people killed. (Source: CRED EM Data, Human Impact of Disasters, 2009).

19. Source: Center for Disaster Response, 2010

20. Source: Center for Disaster Response, 2010

21. Source: Center for Disaster Response, 2010

22. Source: Center for Disaster Response, 2010

23. Source: Center for Disaster Response, 2010

24. Disaster Risk Management • a range of activities that contribute to increasing capacities and reducing immediate and long-term vulnerabilities to prevent or at least minimize damaging impact in a community

25. Disaster Risk Management Activities • Before the disaster • Prevention • Mitigation • Preparedness • During the disaster – emergency reliefs and responses • After the disaster • Recovery: rehabilitation and reconstruction • “Building back better

26. Disaster Risk Reduction • It is a proactive approach to minimize vulnerabilities and disaster risks to minimize loss of life, livelihood and property. • DRR incorporates aspects of good governance, sustainable development, risk (natural; human; and climate risks) assessments, knowledge and education, risk management, vulnerability reduction, disaster preparedness and response – guided by principles of human rights and security, gender equity and equality, cultural sensitivity and empowering participation. • It has been said that every $1 spent on risk reduction saves between $5 and $10 in economic losses from disasters (Eric Schwartz (UN Deputy Secretary General)).

27. DRRM Framework

28. Traditional Disaster Cycle • Mitigation, Prevention, and Preparedness • Formation & training of local disaster committees • Early Warning Systems • Engineering Mitigation • Evacuation Routes • Risk Mapping • Short-Term Response • Search & Rescue • Emergency Food and Water • Temporary Shelter • Bridges Disaster Emergency Phase The Natural Disaster Cycle Pre-Disaster Phase Reconstruction Rehabilitation • Long-Term Response • Road reconstruction • Social infrastructure reconstruction • Resumption of Production • Medium-Term Response • Transitional Housing • Provisional Social Services • Road Clearing • Income Generation • Water System Rehabilitation

29. Integrated Disaster Risk Reduction & Management Framework Conceptual Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction, UNISDR

30. Source: Center for Disaster Response, 2010

31. Source: Center for Disaster Response, 2010

32. Republic Act No. 10121“The Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010”(Approved on May 27, 2010; Effective on June 24, 2010)* DRRM Act Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) – approved on September 27, 2010

33. Republic Act No. 10121 “An Act Strengthening the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management System, Providing for the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Framework and Institutionalizing the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan, Appropriating Funds Therefor and for Other Purposes”

34. Basis of RA 10121 The Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) Priorities for Action: Governance Knowledge Management Risk Assessment Disaster Preparedness Vulnerability Reduction

35. Basis of RA 10121 Risk reduction tools are ready for adaptation use. The Hyogo Framework for action is a critical guide. Risk reduction tools are ready for adaptation use. The Hyogo Framework for action is a critical guide.

36. The World Conference on Disaster Reduction held from 18 to 22 January 2005 in Kobe, Hyogo, Japan, and adopted the present Framework for Action 2005-2015: Building the Resilience of Nations and Communities to Disasters (here after referred to as the “Framework for Action”). The Conference provided a unique opportunity to promote a strategic and systematic approach to reducing vulnerabilities and risks to hazards. It underscored the need for, and identified ways of, building the resilience of nations and communities to disasters.3 Risk reduction tools are ready for adaptation use. The Hyogo Framework for action is a critical guide.

38. Salient Features of RA 10121 Coherence with the international framework

39. Salient Features of RA 10121 Strengthened institutional mechanism for DRRM

40. Salient Features of RA 10121 • Integrated, coordinated, multi-sectoral, inter-agency, and community-based approach to disaster risk reduction

41. Salient Features of RA 10121 • Coherence with the international framework • Adherence to universal norms, principles, and standards of humanitarian assistance • Good governance through transparency and accountability • Strengthened institutional mechanism for DRRM • Integrated, coordinated, multi-sectoral, inter-agency, and community-based approach to disaster risk reduction

42. Salient Features of RA 10121 • Empowerment of local government units (LGUs) and civil society organizations (CSOs) as key partners in disaster risk reduction • Integration of the DRRM into the educational system • Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Fund (DRRMF) at the national and local levels • Providing for provisions on the declaration of a state of calamity, remedial measures, prohibited acts and penalties therefor.

43. Key Players under RA 10121 National Government Local Government Civil Society Community

44. Governance • Restructuring of Disaster Management Institutions PD 1566 RA 10121 Overseeing Implementing National DRRMC National DCC OCD (Secretariat) OCD Regional DRRMC Regional OCD Regional DCC Provincial DRRMO Provincial DRRMC Provincial DCC City/Municipal DRRMC City/Municipal DRRMO City/Municipal DCC Barangay Devt.Council Barangay DRRM Committee Barangay DCC

45. Governance • NDRRMC (Sec. 5)

46. Governance OCD CDOs Chair RDRRMC (Sec. 10) Composition (Rule 4, Sec. 2) DILG Disaster Preparedness DSWD Response DOST Prevention & Mitigation NEDA Rehab & Recovery Vice-Chairs • MEMBERS • Executives of regional offices and field stations of NDRRMC government agency members • Other entities that may be invited by the RDRRMC Secretariat Existing regional offices of OCD

47. LDRRMC Members Governance LDRRMC Members (Sec. 11(a)) Members

48. Governance • LDRRMO (Sec. 12) DRRM Officer Administrative & Training Research & Planning Operations & Warning

49. Governance What governs DRRM implementation?

50. Governance