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2/21 Project Management

2/21 Project Management. Roll call/ collect homework Go over homework(?) Project management: Critical Path Method Small groups Assign homework Discuss midterm exam. Project Modeling. Project: build a house. Various tasks to be accomplished to achieve this goal: get permits

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2/21 Project Management

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  1. 2/21 Project Management • Roll call/ collect homework • Go over homework(?) • Project management: Critical Path Method • Small groups • Assign homework • Discuss midterm exam

  2. Project Modeling • Project: build a house. • Various tasks to be accomplished to achieve this goal: • get permits • pour foundations • install electrical systems • install plumbing systems • connect systems to public systems • frame walls • install flooring

  3. Project Modeling: CPM • How to organize? How to plan? • How long will the entire project take? • Critical Path Model - Terms • Activity on Node • predecessor • duration

  4. Project Modeling: CPM • How to organize? How to plan? • How long will the entire project take? • Critical Path Model - Terms • Activity on Node • predecessor • duration

  5. Project Modeling: CPM • How to organize? How to plan? • How long will the entire project take? • Critical Path Model - Terms • Activity on Node • predecessor • duration As long as the longest (duration) series of activities takes -- also call the CRITICAL PATH.

  6. Critical Path Method - Terms. • Activity on Node Arc: precedence A 6 B 8 Start Finish Duration (EX: hrs., days) Nodes: activities

  7. Critical Path Method: Terms • “Activity A must be done before B can begin.” - Activity A is a PREDECESSOR of B. A 6 B 8 Start Finish Arc: precedence Nodes: activities

  8. Critical Path Method: Terms • “Activities A and B must be done before C can begin.” - A & B are PREDECESSORS of C. A 6 C 5 Start Finish B 8 Arcs: predecessors Nodes: activities

  9. Critical Path Method • “Activity A must be done before C and B can begin.” B 8 A 6 Start Finish C 5 Nodes: activities Arcs: predecessors

  10. EX: build a house • Project tasks: • install landscaping • pour foundations • frame walls • install plumbing systems • get permits • install electrical systems • move in.

  11. EX: build a house: tasks in order • get permits • pour foundations • frame walls • install plumbing systems • install electrical systems • install landscaping • move in.

  12. EX: build a house: durations Durations: • get permits • pour foundations • frame walls • install plumbing systems • install electrical systems • install landscaping • move in. 2 6 5 4 6 9 3

  13. EX: build a house: label activities Durations: Durations: • A: get permits • B: pour foundations • C: frame walls • D: install plumbing • E: install electrical • F: install landscaping • G: move in. 2 2 6 6 5 5 4 4 6 6 9 3 3

  14. EX: build a house: create table Durations: • A: get permits • B: pour foundations • C: frame walls • D: install plumb. • E: install elec. • F: install landscaping • G: move in. 2 Act. Dur. Preds. Post. A 2 -- D B 6 -- C,F C 5 B D D 4 A,C E E 6 D G F 9 B G G 3 E,F 6 5 4 6 9 3

  15. EX: build a house: create graphic CPM A D E C G start finish B F

  16. EX: build a house: add in durations A 2 D 4 E 6 C 5 G 3 start finish B 6 F 9

  17. But what is the Critical Path? (We must tell the family when the house will be done -- how soon?) A 2 D 4 E 6 C 5 start G 3 finish B 6 F 9 The critical path is the path of activities that takes the longest amount of time; the path with the activities that cannot be altered time-wise without changing the overall project duration.

  18. What is the Critical Path? Add up all the paths possible; see what path is the longest. That path is the critical path. A-D-E-G = 12 B-C-D-E-G = 24 B-F-G = 18 A 2 D 4 E 6 C 5 start G 3 finish B 6 F 9

  19. Defining slack, ES, EF, LS, LF • Slack: how much extra time you have available for a particular activity. • ES -- early start: the earliest possible time you could begin a particular activity. • EF -- early finish: the earliest possible time you could finish a particular activity. • LS -- late start: the latest possible time you could begin a particular activity. • LF -- late finish: the latest possible time you could finish a particular activity.

  20. Calculating slack, ES, EF, LS, LF • Slack = (time available) - (duration) • ES = (calc. time at the beginning of the node) • EF = ES + duration • LS = LF - duration • LF = (calc. time at the ending of the node)

  21. Calculating slack Any activity on the critical path has NO SLACK. Any others are based on when they meet the critical path. EX: Activity A requires two days, but there are 11 days available ( Activity A meets the critical path at “start” (0) and at D. 11 days have passed on the critical path before getting to D (B+C=11). A 2 D 4 E 6 C 5 start G 3 finish B 6 F 9

  22. Calculating ES (Early Start) Early start is the earliest possible time the activity could start. EX: Activity A could start (at the earliest) at 0. Activity D could start (at the earliest) at 11 (CP – No slack) Activity F could start (at the earliest) at 6. A 2 D 4 E 6 C 5 start G 3 finish B 6 F 9

  23. Calculating EF (Early Finish) Early finish is the earliest possible time the activity could finish. EF = ES + Duration. EX: Activity A could finish (at the earliest) at 2 (0 + 2). Activity D could finish (at the earliest) at 15 (11 + 4) (CP). Activity F could finish (at the earliest) at 15 (6 + 9). A 2 D 4 E 6 C 5 start G 3 finish B 6 F 9

  24. Calculating LF (Late Finish) Late finish is the latest possible time the activity could finish without affecting the overall project time. EX: Activity A could finish (at the latest) at 11. Activity D could finish (at the latest) at 15 (Crit path – no slack). Activity F could finish (at the latest) at 21. A 2 D 4 E 6 C 5 start G 3 finish B 6 F 9

  25. Calculating LS (Late Start) Late start is the latest possible time the activity could start w/o affecting the overall project time. LS = LF – Duration. EX: Activity A could start (at the latest) at 9 (11 – 2). Activity D could start (at the latest) at 11 (crit. path – no slack). Activity F could start (at the latest) at 12 (21 – 9). A 2 D 4 E 6 C 5 start G 3 finish B 6 F 9

  26. A 0 2 2 9 11 Labeling the CPM Basic model: D 10 15 4 10 15 E 15 21 6 15 21 C 6 11 5 6 11 start G 21 24 3 21 24 finish B 0 6 6 0 6 F 6 15 9 12 21

  27. Small Group Exercise • Installation of a computer system comprises eight activities. Draw the network model, calculate the ES, EF, LS, LF, and slack for each activity.

  28. Homework Ch. 10 #2 (just draw the CPM model in Excel) Ch. 10 #4 (draw the CPM model in Excel, calculate the critical path.) Ch. 10 #8 (draw the CPM model in Excel, calculate and label all activities with ES, EF, LS, LF. Calculate the critical path. Calculate the slack for each activity.) Ch. 10 #9 (calculate the critical path, calculate the ES, EF, LS, LF, and slack for each activity)

  29. About the Midterm Exam • Three versions – make sure you do the right one. • NO COLLABORATIONCollaboration=Cheating • When you open the spreadsheet, click on “Enable Macros” (if it comes up). • The midterm is posted (by 9 p.m. Thursday) athttp://www.adbook.net/teach022/305/m.htm • It is due by 9:00 p.m. on Saturday, Feb. 23rd. • Read the directions very carefully!

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