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The Enlightenment and The Great Awakening

The Enlightenment and The Great Awakening. The Enlightenment emphasizes reason and science as the path to knowledge Based on Natural laws of the universe developed by scientists; such as gravity

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The Enlightenment and The Great Awakening

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  1. The EnlightenmentandThe Great Awakening

  2. The Enlightenment emphasizes reason and science as the path to knowledge Based on Natural laws of the universe developed by scientists; such as gravity Enlightenment thinkers stressed observation or experimentation as the means to understanding the world Thinkers such as John Locke applied natural laws to societies. Ideas about natural rights and government influenced leaders The Enlightenment – A Time of Reason and Science

  3. Enlightenment Movement began in Europe Knowledge, reason, & science could improve society Schools of higher learning open across America Ben Franklin - Best known colonial American scientist

  4. People of the Enlightenment • Ben Franklin • American thinker, diplomat, and inventor • John Locke • Men are all rational and capable people (Natural Rights) • Life, Liberty, & Property • Government must work for the people to protect Natural Rights • William Blackstone • Said that human laws were natural like laws of science, simply waiting to be discovered; • believed that because Man was created by God, he was granted fundamental rights by God; • known as father of English Common Law • Baron Charles de Montesquieu • Division of state (federalism) and separation of powers

  5. Before the Great Awakening • Before 1730s, most colonies had established religions: Anglicans: New York and Southern Colonies (same as Church of England) • Congregationalists: • New England (basically Puritans)

  6. The Great Awakening • In the Early 1700s, many colonists lost the religious passion that had driven Pilgrims, Puritans and others to seek out a new life in America • 1730s-1740 a religious revival began to sweep through the colonies lead by travelling ministers • “New birth” is ultimate religious experience • Followers accept that they are sinners and ask for salvation.

  7. “Old Lights” vs. “New Lights” • Churches that grew as a result of the Great Awakening • “New Lights” : • Presbyterians, Methodists, Baptist • Great Awakening challenged authority and hierarchy of established churches • “Old Lights”: • Congregationalists and Anglicans). Great Awakening said anyone could be converted or “born again”; you didn’t need traditional church leadership to decide if you belong.

  8. Spreading the Great Awakening • Began in the New England Colonies and spread. • Travelling ministers preached that inner religious emotion was more important that outward behavior. • The Sermons appealed to the heart/emotions and drew large crowds

  9. Leaders of the Movement Jonathan Edwards George Whitefield

  10. Today’s Question: Why was George Whitefield so popular?

  11. Effects of the Great Awakening • Encouraged ideas of equality and the right to challenge authority • These ideas inspired future generations to challenge the authority of the English government • Lead to the American Revolution and Declaration of Independence

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