1 / 17

European explorers

European explorers. columbus. Born 1451 in Italy Early Years: Lived near Genoa, Italy Loved the sea Took rides on ships Reasons for Exploring, Areas Explored: Wanted to find shorter water route to Asia by sailing west Sponsored by Spain Four voyages, 1492-1502

myrat
Download Presentation

European explorers

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. European explorers

  2. columbus • Born 1451 in Italy • Early Years: • Lived near Genoa, Italy • Loved the sea • Took rides on ships • Reasons for Exploring, Areas Explored: • Wanted to find shorter water route to Asia by sailing west • Sponsored by Spain • Four voyages, 1492-1502 • Reached Caribbean Islands of Cuba, Puerto Rico, Trinidad, San Salvador, and others • Thought he had reached the Spice Islands of Asia • Contributions: • Discovered the New World • Established Columbian Exchange – trade between New World and Europe

  3. John Cabot • Born 1455 in Italy • Early Years: • Lived near Genoa, Italy • Saw trading of spices, silk, precious stones, and metals from Asia • Became merchant and sailor • Reasons for exploring, Areas explored • Wanted to find northeast passage to Asia • Sponsored by England • Made two voyages – 1497 and 1498 • Explored Newfoundland and Nova Scotia (Canada) for England • Contributions: • Found Canada and enormous fishing grounds

  4. Amerigo vespucci • Born 1451 in Italy • Early Years: • Oldest of five brothers, loved to study stars and copy maps • Interested in geography • Earned money as a businessman • Reasons for Exploration, Areas Explored • Curious about the size of Earth • Sponsored by Spain • Made two voyages – 1499 and 1503 • Explored northern and southeastern coast of South America and saw Falkland Islands • 1501 – sailed for Portugal – explored Brazil and Argentina • Contributions: • Figured out Earth’s size to within 50 miles! • Started the theory that a new continent lay between Europe and Asia

  5. Ponce de leon • Born 1460 in Spain • Early Years: • Loved adventure and excitement • Taught himself to be a soldier, helped Spain fight Muslims • Reasons for Exploring, Areas Explored: • Heard of gold in New World • 1511 – conquered island of Puerto Rico for Spain – became governor • 1513 – searched for “Fountain of Youth” – explored Florida • 1521 – second voyage to Florida • Contributions: • Claimed Florida for Spain

  6. Vasco de balboa • Born 1475 in Spain • Early Years: • Poor family • Worked for merchant in seaport, heard sailors stories of adventure • Reasons for Exploring, Areas Explored: • Wanted to become part of Spanish exploration and settlement • 1501 – Spanish exploration of South America – failed, went to island of Hispaniola (Cuba) • 1510 – explored Northwest part of South America • Crossed isthmus of Panama and saw Pacific Ocean • Contributions: • First European to see Pacific Ocean • Found gold and pearls • Began Spanish settlements in South America

  7. Hernan cortes • Born 1485 in Spain • Early Years: • Studied at university in Spain • Interested in exploring • Reasons for Exploring, Areas Explored • Wanted to become famous explorer • 1511 – sailed with Spain to Cuba, became judge and rich • 1518 – sent to Mexico with Spanish to find riches • 1519 – arrived in Mexico City • Contributions: • Conquered Aztecs • Claimed Mexico for Spain • Acquired much wealth of gold and silver for Spain and himself

  8. Ferdinand magellan • Born 1480 in Portugal • Early Years: • Thought the world was smaller than it is • Interested in finding western water route to Spice Islands in Asia • Reasons for Exploration, Areas Explored: • Believed he could find water route to Asia by sailing west and around South America • 1518 – sponsored by Spain • 1519 – sailed with 5 ships and 300 men – lost two ships to weather and desertion • 1520 – landed in Philippine Islands • Remaining crew and ships finally landed in Spice Islands (Asia) about 8 months later • Contributions: • First to circumnavigate the globe • Water around southern tip of South America called “Straits of Magellan”

  9. Giovanni da verrazano • Born 1485 in Italy • Early Year: • Wealthy family – well educated • Interested in math • Became navigator and sailor – made voyages to countries east of the Mediterranean Sea • Reasons for Exploring, Areas Explored • Sponsored by France, wanted to find western sea route to China • 1524 – sailed along North Carolina coast, north to New York Bay, then to Rhode Island, Maine, and to coast of Newfoundland (Northeast USA and Canada) • 1528 – sailed across Atlantic to island of Guadeloupe • Contributions: • Explored waterways from North Carolina to Newfoundland • Believed new continent lay between Florida and Newfoundland

  10. Francisco pizarro • Born 1470 in Spain • Early Years: • Illiterate as a boy • Father was a soldier – Pizarro loved adventure • Reasons for Exploring, Areas Explored: • 1509 – joined Spanish explorers to Central America • 1513 – joined Balboa’s expedition across isthmus of Panama to Pacific Ocean, heard of riches in Inca Empire • 1514-1526 – explored Central America looking for Inca Empire – unsuccessful • 1532 – found Inca Empire, captured Atahualpa, their leader • Contributions: • Discovered and conquered Inca Empire – helped make Spain most powerful and wealthy nation • Founded city of Lima, Peru – Spanish “City of Kings”

  11. Jacques cartier • Born 1491 in France • Early Years: • Became sea captain • Reasons for Exploring, Areas Explored: • Ordered by king of France to find gold, other riches, and Northwest Passage to China • 1534-1541 – sailed St. Lawrence river three times • Traveled to Newfoundland, Labrador, Gulf of St. Lawrence, Quebec, Montreal (Canada) • Thought St. Lawrence River was passageway to China • Contributions: • Gave detailed information about St. Lawrence River region of Canada • First European to map and attempt permanent settlement in St. Lawrence region of Canada

  12. Hernando De soto • Born 1500 in Spain • Early Years: • Loved adventure, heard stories of cities with gold and silver in North America • Reasons for Exploring, Areas Explored: • Wanted to find the “Seven Cities of Gold” • 1531 – traveled with Pizarro to conquer Incas • 1533 – sent by Spain to be governor of Cuba – explore and conquer parts of southeast North America • 1539 – landed in Florida, crossed Appalacian Mountains, reached Mississippi River • Headed into Ozark Mountains and further west – found no gold or silver • Searched for riches around Mississippi River for four years – none found • Contributions: • Led first European exploration of Mississippi River

  13. Francisco vaszuez de coronado • Born 1510 in Spain • Early Years: • Left home at early age, no much is known • Reasons for Exploring, Areas Explored: • Heard of riches in “Seven Cities of Gold” in New World • 1535 – sailed to Mexico – became a Spanish governor • 1540-1542 – led expedition in search of fabled cities • Contributions: • Frist European to travel up Rio Grande; led expeditions into Texas and Kansas • Discovered the Grand Canyon • Expeditions gave much geographic information about the New World’s southwest

  14. Sir frances drake • Born 1540 in England • Early years: • 1550s – apprenticed on small ship – left to him in captain’s will – began life as sailor • Reasons for Exploration, Areas explored: • 1570s – voyages to New World – attacked Spanish settlements & destroyed ships • 1572 – crossed Isthmus of Panama, saw Pacific Ocean • 1577 – Queen Elizabeth of England gave money to sail around South America, explore Pacific Ocean, attack Spanish settlements and capture treasure • Sailed up California coast and circumnavigated the world • 1580 – returned to England • Contributions: • First Englishman to circumnavigate the world • 1588 – defeated Spanish Armada in war against Spain

  15. Henry hudson • Born 1565 in England • Early Years: • Grandson of Englishman who founded Muscovy Company (supported exploration of Northwest Passage to Asia) • Reasons for Exploring, Areas Explored: • 1607 – commissioned by Muscovy Company, made two voyages to Greenland and Svalbard Islands • 1609 – hired by Dutch East India Company to find Northeast Passage; sailed from Greenland to Nova Scotia, down Hudson River to tip of Manhattan (New York) and returned to England • 1610 – wealthy Englishmen sponsored another expedition to find Northeast Passage to Asia; sailed past Iceland into Hudson Bay • Contributions: • Discovered Hudson Strait, Hudson Bay, and Hudson River (named after him) • Explored Arctic Ocean and northeastern North America

  16. Bartholomew Dias • Born 1450 in Portugal • Early Years: • Born to a noble family – received good education • Worked for the King of Portugal in royal warehouses • Reasons for Exploration, Areas Explored: • Sent by King of Portugal to sail around Horn of Africa to find water route to India • 1487 attempted to sail around horn of Afria, reached South Afria – crew forced return to Portugal • 1488 – discovered the Cape of Good Hope • Contributions: • Explored parts of west Africa • Discovered Cape of Good Hope

  17. Vasco Da Gama • Born 1460 in Portugal • Early Years: • Received good education – learned navigation and math • Joined the Order of Santiago – connections to King John II, influenced future voyages • Reasons for Exploration, Areas Explored: • 1497 - Sent by Portugal to find sea route to Asia • Sailed around Cape of Good Hope into the Indian Ocean • 1498 – reached India, returned to Portugal in 1499 • 1502 – sent back to India, brutally murdered Muslims to show Portuguese strength • Contributions: • First European to reach India by sea, paved way for future European conquests in Asia

More Related