1 / 39

Main Objectives

Developing a Cumulative Effects Monitoring Program for the Saint John Harbour – Contaminants Karen Kidd and Angella Mercer Canadian Rivers Institute, UNB Saint John kiddk@unbsj.ca, amercer1@unbsj.ca. Main Objectives. To work with SJH Environmental Monitoring Partnership to:

naiara
Download Presentation

Main Objectives

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Developing a Cumulative Effects Monitoring Program for the Saint John Harbour – ContaminantsKaren Kidd and Angella MercerCanadian Rivers Institute, UNB Saint Johnkiddk@unbsj.ca, amercer1@unbsj.ca

  2. Main Objectives To work with SJH Environmental Monitoring Partnership to: • Determine seasonal and annual variability of contaminants at reference sites – characterize baseline levels • Determine level and extent of contamination at sites of concern • Design optimal program for long term monitoring: • Location and number of reference and impacted sites • Methods (timing and frequency of sampling, sampling and analytical methods) • Thresholds for assessing change

  3. Concentrations of Some Metals Highly Variable in Harbour – Example is Copper from report by Land & Sea Environmental Consultants

  4. Canadian Water Network Monitoring Program – Contaminants in Sediments Phase 1 – Years 1 to 3 • Objective is to characterize reference sites and establish baseline levels • Samples to characterize variability at reference locations • What is the range of concentrations at reference sites? • What season is the best to sample in? • How much variability is there within sites across years?

  5. Sampling Sites Aug & Oct 2011, Apr and Jun 2012 Year 1 – 6 reference sites, 4 sampling dates Years 2 & 3 – 6 reference sites, 1 (optimal) sampling date 6 reference sites: ● 3 sites in inner harbour (blue) ● 3 sites in outer harbour (green) (site 13 replaced site 5)

  6. Methods for Sediments – Phase I Field • Surface sediment grabs at 6 reference sites • 5-10/site • Same timing and sites as invertebrate collections • Sampled top 5 cm of sediments • Frozen until processed

  7. Methods – Phases 1 & 2Lab Analyses of Sediments • Freeze dried • Standard US EPA methods used for extraction, clean up and analyses of sediments for metals, PAHs and PCBs • Analyses include certified reference materials, lab and machine blanks, and replicates • Organic carbon and grain size measured in sediments • Samples from first 4 dates are complete

  8. Contaminants Focus on metals and PAHs, PCBs for October sediments • Metals/Elements - sediments analyzed for aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, copper, chromium, iron, lanthanum, lead, magnesium, manganese, mercury, nickel, phosphorous, rubidium, selenium, silver, strontium, sulphur, thallium, uranium, vanadium and zinc (CCME guidelines exist for ones underlined; bolded ones previously monitored) • PAHs – sediments analyzed for 16 priority compounds (CCME guidelines exist for 12) • PCBs – 38 individual congeners, October samples only (results not shown here)

  9. What are the exposures? Some information on contamination levels so my site can be put in perspective Some information on thresholds and reference levels Contaminant levels My site threshold effects level reference level Sites

  10. Zinc in Sediments from the Inner Saint John Harbour, 2011-2012 Past Results: Inner = 9-442 mg/kg Outer = 23.6-440 mg/kg 400 300 CCME PEL=271 mg/kg Zn (mg/kg dw) 200 CCME ISQG = 124 mg/kg 100 3x SDp = 16.1-77.9 mg/kg 0 Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Apr 2012 Apr 2012 Apr 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Aug 2011 Site 01 Site 02 Site 03 Date and Site

  11. Zinc in Sediments from the Outer Saint John Harbour, 2011-2012 400 300 Zn (mg/kg dw) 200 100 0 Date and Site Past Results: Inner = 9-442 mg/kg Outer = 23.6-440 mg/kg CCME PEL=271 mg/kg CCME ISQG = 124 mg/kg 3x SDp = 16.1-77.9 mg/kg Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Apr 2012 Apr 2012 Apr 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Aug 2011 Site 04 Site 06 Site 13

  12. Arsenic in Sediments from the Inner Saint John Harbour, 2011-2012 50 40 30 As (mg/kg dw) 20 10 0 Date and Site CCME PEL=41.6 mg/kg Past Results: Inner = 5.3-14.8 mg/kg Outer = 1.7-26.5 mg/kg CCME ISQG = 7.24 mg/kg 3x SDp = 2.0-11.3 mg/kg Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Apr 2012 Apr 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Oct 2011 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Apr 2012 Jun 2012 Site 01 Site 02 Site 03

  13. Arsenic in Sediments from the Outer Saint John Harbour, 2011-2012 50 40 30 As(mg/kg dw) 20 10 0 Date and Site CCME PEL=41.6 mg/kg Past Results: Inner = 5.3-14.8 mg/kg Outer = 1.7-26.5 mg/kg CCME ISQG = 7.24 mg/kg 3x SDp = 2.0-11.3 mg/kg Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Apr 2012 Apr 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Oct 2011 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Apr 2012 Jun 2012 Site 04 Site 06 Site 13

  14. Total PAHs in Sediments from the Inner Saint John Harbour, 2011-2012 50 Past Results: Little River= 0.0-46.55 mg/kg 30 noaa SQuiRT PEL=16.7 mg/kg 10 TPAHs(mg/kg) 2 noaa SQuiRT Threshold=1.6 mg/kg 3x SDp = 0.0-0.59 mg/kg 1 0 Aug 2011 Jun 2012 Jun 2012 Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Apr 2012 Apr 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Oct 2011 Apr 2012 Oct 2011 Site 01 Site 02 Site 03 Date and Site

  15. Total PAHs in Sediments from the Outer Saint John Harbour, 2011-2012 50 Past Results: Little River= 0.0-46.55 mg/kg 30 noaa SQuiRT PEL=16.7 mg/kg 10 TPAHs(mg/kg) 2 noaa SQuiRT Threshold=1.6 mg/kg 1 3x SDp = 0.0-0.59 mg/kg 0 Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Apr 2012 Apr 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Oct 2011 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Apr 2012 Jun 2012 Site 04 Site 06 Site 13 Date and Site

  16. Phase I - Summary of Results Reference Sites • Metals concentrations typically well below guidelines (lead, cadmium, copper, zinc, mercury) • Arsenic exceeds ISQG at all inner harbour sites and one outer harbour site • Chromium exceeds ISQG mainly at inner harbour sites • Aluminum above NOAA guidelines at all sites • Total PAHs also well below effects thresholds for all four dates • Total PCBs ranged from 2.2 to 17.5 ng/g dw, many congeners below MDL (<0.2 ng/g), most sites well below ISQG of 21.5 ng/g

  17. Next Steps – Phase I and II • 3 standard deviations captured all variability at reference sites, used as threshold for change • Power analysis (using 3 SD) showed: • n of 3/site sufficient for detecting changes • Oct 2012 • Re-sampled 6 reference sites (n=8/site) • Sampled 3 potentially more contaminated sites (“hotspots”) • Collected surface sediments from 4 reference and 3 contaminated sites for toxicity testing (EC Moncton for Bryce Pippy’s MSc; n=5/site)

  18. Phase I and II - Sites for Oct 2012 Sampling

  19. At the End of Year 2 • Results will be • Presented to SJH EMP • Used to design sampling program for Year 3 • Repeat sampling of reference sites from Years 1 and 2 • Sample and characterize “hotspots” in Harbour • Potential to expand to other key areas Year 3 - Final deliverable - optimal design of long term monitoring program for contaminants in Saint John Harbour

  20. References for Past Results • Bezanson and Kranck (1981) • Chou (2000) • Loring (1979, 1982) • Parrott et al. (2001) • Ray MacKnight (1984) • Tay et al. (1997) • Washburn & Gillis (1993) • Yurick (1982)

  21. Copper in Sediments from the Inner Saint John Harbour, 2011-2012 100 80 60 Cu (mg/kg dw ) 40 20 0 CCME PEL=108 mg/kg Past Results: Inner = 5.8-45.1 mg/kg Outer = 3.0-106 mg/kg CCME ISQG = 18.7 mg/kg 3x SDp = 0.0-16.3 mg/kg Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Apr 2012 Apr 2012 Jun 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Oct 2011 Oct 2011 Apr 2012 Jun 2012 Site 01 Site 02 Site 03 Date and Site

  22. Copper in Sediment from the Outer Saint John Harbour, 2011-2012 100 80 60 Cu (mg/kg dw) 40 20 0 Date and Site Past Results: Inner = 5.8-45.1 mg/kg Outer = 3.0-106 mg/kg CCME PEL=108 mg/kg CCME ISQG = 18.7 mg/kg 3x SDp = 0.0-16.3 mg/kg Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Apr 2012 Apr 2012 Apr 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Aug 2011 Site 04 Site 06 Site 13

  23. Cadmium in Sediments from the Inner Saint John Harbour, 2011-2012 Past Results: Inner = 0-6.1 mg/kg Outer = 0-3.9 mg/kg 5 CCME PEL=4.2 mg/kg 4 3 Cd (mg/kg dw) 2 1 CCME ISQG = 0.700 mg/kg 3x SDp = 0-0.23 mg/kg 0 Oct 2011 Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Apr 2012 Apr 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Oct 2011 Aug 2011 Jun 2012 Apr 2012 Jun 2012 Site 01 Site 02 Site 03 Date and Site

  24. Cadmium from Sediments in the Outer Saint John Harbour, 2011-2012 5 4 3 Cd (mg/kg dw ) 2 1 0 Date and Site CCME PEL=4.2 mg/kg Past Results: Inner = 0-6.1 mg/kg Outer = 0-3.9 mg/kg CCME ISQG = 0.700 mg/kg 3x SDp = 0-0.23 mg/kg Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Apr 2012 Apr 2012 Apr 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Aug 2011 Site 04 Site 06 Site 13

  25. Lead in Sediments from the Inner Saint John Harbour, 2011-2012 120 100 80 Pb(mg/kg dw) 60 40 20 0 Date and Site CCME PEL=112 mg/kg Past Results: Inner = 6.3-98.8 mg/kg Outer = 7.0-130 mg/kg CCME ISQG = 30.2 mg/kg 3x SDp = 2.9-15.2 mg/kg Aug 2011 Oct 2011 Apr 2012 Jun 2012 Aug 2011 Jun 2012 Aug 2011 Oct 2011 Oct 2011 Apr 2012 Apr 2012 Jun 2012 Site 01 Site 02 Site 03

  26. Lead in Sediments from the Outer Saint John Harbour, 2011-2012 120 100 80 Pb(mg/kg dw) 60 40 20 0 Date and Site Past Results: Inner = 6.3-98.8 mg/kg Outer = 7.0-130 mg/kg CCME PEL=112 mg/kg CCME ISQG = 30.2 mg/kg 3x SDp = 2.9-15.2 mg/kg Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Jun 2012 Apr 2012 Apr 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Oct 2011 Apr 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Site 04 Site 06 Site 13

  27. Chromium in Sediments in the Inner Saint John Harbour, 2011-2012 150 100 Cr(mg/kg dw) 50 0 Date and Site CCME PEL=160 mg/kg CCME ISQG = 30.2 mg/kg 3x SDp = 8.7-42.8 mg/kg Aug 2011 Jun 2012 Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Apr 2012 Apr 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Oct 2011 Apr 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Site 01 Site 02 Site 03

  28. Chromium in Sediments for the Outer Saint John Harbour, 2011-2012 150 100 Cr(mg/kg dw) 50 0 Date and Site CCME PEL=160 mg/kg CCME ISQG = 30.2 mg/kg 3x SDp = 8.7-42.8 mg/kg Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Apr 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Oct 2011 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Apr 2012 Apr 2012 Jun 2012 Site 04 Site 06 Site 13

  29. Mercury in Sediments from the Inner Saint John Harbour, 2011-2012 700 600 500 400 THg(ug/kg dw) 300 200 100 0 Date and Site CCME PEL=700 ug/kg Past Results: Inner = 0.0-330 ug/kg Outer = 0.0-610 ug/kg CCME ISQG = 130 ug/kg 3x SDp = 0.0-24.0 ug/kg Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Apr 2012 Apr 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Oct 2011 Apr 2012 Jun 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Site 01 Site 02 Site 03

  30. Mercury in Sediments from the Outer Saint John Harbour, 2011-2012 700 600 500 400 THg (ug/kg dw) 300 200 100 0 Date and Site CCME PEL=700 ug/kg Past Results: Inner = 0.0-330 ug/kg Outer = 0.0-610 ug/kg CCME ISQG = 130 ug/kg 3x SDp = 0.0-24.0 ug/kg Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Apr 2012 Apr 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Oct 2011 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Apr 2012 Jun 2012 Site 04 Site 06 Site 13

  31. Loss on Ignition 550 in Sediments from the Inner Saint John Harbour, 2011-2012 25 20 15 LOI550(%) 10 5 0 Date and Site 3x SDp = 0.0-6.23% Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Apr 2012 Apr 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Oct 2011 Apr 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Jun 2012 Site 01 Site 02 Site 03

  32. Loss on Ignition 550 in Sediments from the Outer Saint John Harbour, 2011-2012 25 20 15 LOI550(%) 10 5 0 Date and Site 3x SDp = 0.0-6.23% Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Apr 2012 Apr 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Oct 2011 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Apr 2012 Jun 2012 Site 04 Site 06 Site 13

  33. Aluminum in Sediments from the Inner Saint John Harbour, 2011-2012 30000 25000 20000 Al(mg/kg dw) 15000 10000 Date and Site 3x SDp = 4709-32289 mg/kg SQuiRT AET = 18000 mg/kg Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Apr 2012 Apr 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Oct 2011 Apr 2012 Jun 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Site 01 Site 02 Site 03

  34. Aluminum in Sediments from the Outer Saint John Harbour, 2011-2012 30000 25000 Al(mg/kg dw) 20000 15000 10000 Date and Site 3x SDp = 4709-32289 mg/kg SQuiRT AET = 18000 mg/kg Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Apr 2012 Apr 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Oct 2011 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Apr 2012 Jun 2012 Site 04 Site 06 Site 13

  35. Iron in Sediments from the Inner Saint John Harbour, 2011-2012 200000 150000 Fe(mg/kg dw) 100000 50000 0 Date and Site SQuiRT AET = 220000 mg/kg 3x SDp = 8807-31705 mg/kg Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Apr 2012 Apr 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Oct 2011 Apr 2012 Jun 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Site 01 Site 02 Site 03

  36. Iron in Sediments from the Outer Saint John Harbour, 2011-2012 200000 150000 Fe(mg/kg dw) 100000 50000 0 Date and Site SQuiRT AET = 220000 mg/kg 3x SDp = 8807-31705 mg/kg Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Aug 2011 Apr 2012 Apr 2012 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Oct 2011 Oct 2011 Jun 2012 Apr 2012 Jun 2012 Site 04 Site 06 Site 13

  37. Triclosan Testing • Cost of Method Development $4100 • Includes labour, standards and other consumables • Cost/sample = $81 • Includes labour • Overhead would be applied both costs • unless the funding is from a NSERC CRD grant (industry partnership)

More Related