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The Age of Bismarck

The Age of Bismarck. Bismarck. Young Bismarck. Otto von Bismarck (1815-1898). Master of Realpolitik Origins Elected to Landtag in 1847—realized the nobility must harness rising nationalism 1862 becomes Chancellor for Wilhelm I (r. 1858-88)

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The Age of Bismarck

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  1. The Age of Bismarck Bismarck

  2. Young Bismarck

  3. Otto von Bismarck (1815-1898) • Master of Realpolitik • Origins • Elected to Landtag in 1847—realized the nobility must harness rising nationalism • 1862 becomes Chancellor for Wilhelm I (r. 1858-88) • Bismarck unites Germany through “Blut und Eisen” 1864-1871 • First move: Denmark • Second move: Austria—Seven Weeks War • Third move: France—Franco-Prussian War

  4. Bismarck and Wilhelm I (1862-1888)

  5. War with Denmark

  6. Otto von Bismarck (1815-1898) • Master of Realpolitik • Origins • Elected to Landtag in 1847—realized the nobility must harness rising nationalism • 1862 becomes Chancellor for Wilhelm I (r. 1858-88) • Bismarck unites Germany through “Blut und Eisen” 1864-1871 • First move: Denmark • Second move: Austria—Seven Weeks War • Third move: France—Franco-Prussian War

  7. Before the Austro-Prussian War 1866

  8. After the Austro-Prussian War 1867 Ausgleich

  9. Otto von Bismarck (1815-1898) • Master of Realpolitik • Origins • Elected to Landtag in 1847—realized the nobility must harness rising nationalism • 1862 becomes Chancellor for Wilhelm I (r. 1858-88) • Bismarck unites Germany through “Blut und Eisen” 1864-1871 • First move: Denmark • Second move: Austria—Seven Weeks War • Third move: France—Franco-Prussian War

  10. Franco Prussian War 1870-71 Cartoon from Punch Magazine, 1870

  11. German Unification, Jan. 18, 1871

  12. Bismarck’s Alliances • After 1871 Germany is a “sated power” • The Problem of Mitteleuropa • 1879 signs alliance with Austria=Dual Alliance • 1882 signs alliance with Italy=Triple Alliance • Reinsurance Treaty with Russia • Balance Sheet of Bismarck • 1890 Wilhelm II (idiot boy) comes to the throne

  13. Bismarck’s Domestic Policies, 1871-1890 • Prussification of Germany • Narrow franchise • Prussia held most votes in the new German Imperial Reichstag • The Kulturkampf • Kanzelparagraph • Expulsion of Jesuits and other monastic orders • State control of Seminaries • End of government subsidies to Catholic Church • Bismarck vs. the Social Democratic Party • SPD founded in 1860s • Bismarck banned in 1878 • Wildly popular among growing German working class • Bismarck’s dilemma=grow German industry but keep political status quo • Bismarck’s “Liberal” solution: old age pensions (1889), workers’ compensation and disability benefits

  14. The Dual Alliance, 1879 German Empire Austria-Hungary

  15. Triple Alliance, 1882

  16. Wilhelm II (r. 1888-1918)

  17. Bismarck dismissed March 1890

  18. Punch (1890)

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