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Biosphere

Biosphere. Ecology. Ecosystems. An ecosystem is all living and nonliving things in an area. Ecosystem include all the living organisms, dead organisms , air soil, water and energy in a given area. An Ecosystem may be very small such as:. A backyard A pond A playground.

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Biosphere

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  1. Biosphere Ecology

  2. Ecosystems • An ecosystem is all living and nonliving things in an area. Ecosystem include all the living organisms, dead organisms , air soil, water and energy in a given area.

  3. An Ecosystem may be very small such as: • A backyard • A pond • A playground

  4. Some may be very large like: • The deserts of Africa • The rain forest of Brazil • The saltwater oceans

  5. Ecosystems are composed of the 6 kingdoms of life

  6. Can you give an example of each?

  7. All ecosystems have the same parts: • Abiotic Factors • Biotic Factors

  8. Abiotic Factors The nonliving parts of an ecosystem. They include water, minerals, sunlight, air, climate, and soil.

  9. Biotic Factors The living parts of an ecosystem. They include animals, plants, fungi, protists, and bacteria.

  10. Let’s do it! Label the abiotic and biotic factors in the picture below

  11. The big picture • Organism population community ecosystem biosphere

  12. Autotrophs • A groups of organisms that can use the energy in sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into Glucose (food) • Autotrophs are also called Producers because they produce all of the food that heterotrophs use • Without autotrophs, there would be no life on this planet • Ex. Plants and Algae

  13. Heterotrophs • Organisms that do not make their own food • Another term for Heterotroph is consumer because they consume other organisms in order to live • Ex. Rabbits, Deer, Mushrooms

  14. Herbivores • Herbivores are animals that only eat plants.

  15. Carnivores • Carnivores are animals that eat meat. • Carnivores will also eat animals that eat plants.

  16. Omnivores • Omnivores will eat both plants and animals. • Some animals eat both plants and meat. • People are omnivores

  17. Food Chain • Order in which animals eat plants and other animals. • Each part of a food chain is a link connected to other links.

  18. Food Chains • The energy flow from one trophic level to the other is know as a food chain • A food chain is simple and direct • It involves one organism at each trophic level • Primary Consumers – eat autotrophs (producers) • Secondary Consumers – eat the primary consumers • Tertiary Consumers – eat the secondary consumers • Decomposers – bacteria and fungi that break down dead organisms and recycle the material back into the environment

  19. Trophic Levels and Food Chains Quaternary consumers • Food Chain: • set of food (energy) transfer from trophic level to trophic level Carnivore Carnivore Tertiary consumers Carnivore Carnivore Secondary consumers Carnivore Carnivore Primary consumers Zooplankton Herbivore Producers Plant Phytoplankton Figure 19.21 A marine food chain A terrestrial food chain

  20. Energy pyramid

  21. For bonus • Pick your favorite animal and make a food chain. • Find out what eats your animal and what it eats. • Draw and color the pictures of all the organisms involved with your food chain. • Draw the energy pyramid next to it.

  22. What it should look like

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