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Reversing Viewpoints

Reversing Viewpoints. Videotape and the Attribution Process: Reversing Actors’ and Observers’ Points of View Katie Harnish. Outline. Background Methods Results Discussion Questions Reference. Fundamental Attribution Error (FAE).

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Reversing Viewpoints

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  1. Reversing Viewpoints Videotape and the Attribution Process: Reversing Actors’ and Observers’ Points of View Katie Harnish

  2. Outline • Background • Methods • Results • Discussion • Questions • Reference

  3. Fundamental Attribution Error (FAE) • “The tendency to assume other people’s actions are caused by their personal, individual qualities rather than external, situational forces” (Ross, 1977).

  4. Background • Individuals (Actors) seem to articulate potential causes and reasoning behind their own behavior through increased emphasis on external cues (Situational Factors). • Outsiders (Observers) often consider more internal cues dispositional factors versus situational when explaining others’ behavior.

  5. Contributing Factors • Differences in actors’ and observers’ points of view: • Availability of information about external surroundings, behavior, and contexts • Processing of information

  6. Purpose of Study • Can actor’s and observers’ points of view be reversed through changing visual orientation?

  7. Methods • Overview of Experimental Procedure: • Interpersonal Conversations-”Getting Acquainted” • Videotape Replays • Actor-Same Orientation • Observer-Same Orientation • Actor-New Orientation • Observer-New Orientation • Control Group (No videotape replay) • Post Questionnaire

  8. Methods cont’d. • 120 Participants-30 groups of 4 people • Measures: Personality Characteristics Situational Characteristics

  9. Results • Visual orientation is key when actors and/or observers are interpreting behaviors. • No significant differences between perceived level of behavior and differences in attributions (situational, dispositional) • Significant differences in the correlation between role (actor/observer) and videotape orientation.

  10. Results cont’d. • Actors attributed relatively more to situational causes than did observers (control and same orientation group) • Actors attributed relatively more to dispositional than observers (new orientation group). • For the questionnaire: dominance was difficult to assess for subjects (observers, self)

  11. Discussion Question • What are some possible implications from the results of this study?

  12. Reference • Storms, M. D. (1973). Videotape and the Attribution process: Reversing actors' and Observers' points of view.  Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 27, 165-175. 

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