Standardization for Indonesian as a Foreign Language

1. Standardization for Indonesian as a Foreign Language Felicia N. Utorodewo

2. BIPA B = Bahasa I = Indonesia P = untuk Penutur A = Asing Indonesian Language for Non-native Speaker Indonesian as a Foreign Language

3. A BIPA teacher or lecturer is expected to master the Indonesian grammar. • They really have to know all the nuts and bolts of the problems in the Indonesian grammar. The problem in teaching Indonesian as a foreign language is that there are no standard as yet.

4. In teaching language, we all need standards. • Because of no standardisation in Indonesian, every institution or course has their own standard. • In our research, we tried to trace down all kind of possibility concepts concerning Indonesian grammar. • Phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics

5. The Bahasa Indonesia Sounds • It depends very much on where you learned Bahasa Indonesia or where your teacher is from. Is it Yogyakarta, Medan?

6. PHONOLOGY • If we are talking about grammar, then we have to start from phonology. In Bahasa, we have: • 22 consonants and • 6 vowels

7. Consonants (22)

8. VOWELS (6)

9. MORPHOLOGY In Bahasa Indonesia there are 5 Morphology processes: • Affixes • Reduplication • Compound Words • Abbreviation • Combination of the four processes mentioned above

15. Besides all the affixes mentioned, there are still affixes adapted from foreign languages such as Arabic: –i, -iah, -wi (alami, alamiah, maknawi), English: -isasi, -isme. • There are affixes that are no longer productive, such as –nda (ananda, ayahanda, ibunda), -wan, -wati, -man (wartawan, warta-wati, budiman). • Not to mention the morphophonemics processes of the affixes: /meN-/, /beR-/, /peR-/, ect.

16. Reduplication We have 5 types of reduplication: • dwipurwa: tetangga, lelaki, sesama • dwilingga: rumah-rumah, pagi-pagi, makan-makan, kumur-kumur • Dwilingga salin swara: mondar-mandir, bolak-balik, corat-coret • Dwiwasana: perlahan-lahan, sekali-kali • Trilingga salin swara: dag-dig-dug, cas-cis-cus

17. Compositum We have two ways of writing a compound word: • Orang tua • Tanggung jawab • Kereta api • Matahari • Saputangan • Kacamata As two words As a word

18. Abbreviation • Singkatan: SMP, MPR • Penggalan:Prof, Dok, Bu, Pak • Akronim/Kontraksi: ABRI, Rudal, pemilu • Lambang huruf: cm, dng, yg In Bahasa Indonesia, there are a combination of those abrreviation and creates an overlap between acronim and phrases, e.g: Kobangdiklat TNI-AD Komando Pengembangan Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Darat

19. SYNTAX The different view and concepts has been presented by Indonesian linguists creates problem: • Word classification • Phrases • clauses • Sentence Structure

20. Word Classes

21. Phrases

22. Clauses

23. SENTENCE

24. SENTENCE

25. SENTENCE

26. Alwi, Hasan. 1993. Tata Bahasa Baku Bahasa Indonesia (ed. Ke-2). Jakarta: Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan • Chaer, Abdul. 2006. Tata Bahasa Praktis Bahasa Indonesia. Jakarta: Penerbit Rineka Cipta • Keraf, Gorys. 1991. Tata bahasa rujukan bahasa Indonesia. Jakarta: Grasindo • Kridalaksana, Harimurti. 1999. Tata Wacana Deskriptif Bahasa Indonesia. Belum diterbitkan.

27. Not to mention th inference of the different local dialects

28. Pria punya selera • The stucture of this sentence is heavily influence by East Indonesian Malay (Manado, Makasar, Ambon, Papua) : Torang pe ayah • In proper Indonesian, we should use: Selera pria • This structure could be altered into Seleranya Pria. A structur that is heavily influenced by the Javanese Dialect: Selerane pria

29. TERIMA KASIH…!