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Diesel Engine Power Plant Prepared By: Nimesh Gajjar

Diesel Engine Power Plant Prepared By: Nimesh Gajjar. Definition. A generating station in which diesel engine is used as the prime mover for the generation of electrical energy is known as diesel power station. Diesel power plant. Introduction:

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Diesel Engine Power Plant Prepared By: Nimesh Gajjar

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  1. Diesel Engine Power PlantPrepared By: Nimesh Gajjar

  2. Definition A generating station in which diesel engine is used as the prime mover for the generation of electrical energy is known as diesel power station.

  3. Diesel power plant • Introduction: • Diesel power plants produce power in the range of 2 to 50 MW. • They are used as standby sets for continuity of supply such as hospitals, telephone exchanges, radio stations, cinema theatres and industries. • They are suitable for mobile power generation and widely used in railways and ships. • Generally 2 stroke diesel engine used for power generation.

  4. USES OF DIESEL ENGINES TODAY, DIESEL ENGINES ARE USED TO PROVIDE POWER IN A VARIETY OF APPLICATIONS IN MANY INDUSTRIES

  5. THERE ARE SIX MAJOR USES OF DIESEL ENGINES

  6. AGRICULTURE/FARM

  7. TRANSPORTATION

  8. CONSTRUCTION

  9. FORESTRY

  10. MARINE

  11. ELECTRICAL GENERATION PLANTS

  12. Advantages and Disadvantages of DPP Advantages (a) The design and layout of the plant are quite simple. (b) It occupies less space as the number and size of the auxiliaries is small. (c) can be located at any place. (d) It can be started quickly and it can pickup load in a short time. (e) There are no standby losses. (f) It requires less quantity of water for cooling. (g) The overall cost is much less than that of steam power station of same capacity. (h) The thermal efficiency of the plant is higher than that of a steam power station. (i) It requires less operating staff. Disadvantages (a) The plant has high running charges as the fuel (diesel) used is costly. (b) The plant doesn’t work satisfactorily under overload conditions for a longer period. (c) The plant can only generate small power. (d) The cost of lubrication is generally high. (e) The maintenances charges are generally high

  13. Fundamental of Diesel Engine Four Stroke Cycle • Intake / Suction Compression Power / Expansion Exhaust

  14. Four stroke cycle theory Intake stroke Piston moving down Intake valve open Exhaust valve closed

  15. Four stroke cycle theory Compression stroke Piston moving up Intake valve closed Exhaust valve closed

  16. Four stroke cycle theory Power stroke Piston moving down Intake valve closed Exhaust valve closed

  17. Four stroke cycle theory Exhaust stroke Piston moving up Intake valve closed Exhaust valve open

  18. Four Stroke Cycle Animation

  19. Four-Stroke Cycle Diesel Engine • The piston travels from one end of the cylinder to the other four times during each cycle. • The fuel is ignited at the beginning of the third stroke of each cycle. • Intake air flows into each cylinder through intake valves in the cylinder head. • Exhaust gases leave through exhaust valves. • On the intake stroke, atmospheric pressure pushes air into the cylinder through the intake valve. • The exhaust stroke forces burned gases out through the exhaust valve. • During the compression and power strokes, both valves are closed.

  20. Diesel Animation Useful\Dieselcycle 4 s.swf

  21. Two-Stroke Cycle Diesel Engine • They have only two strokes per cycle. • The fuel is ignited on every other stroke of the piston. • In the two-stroke diesel engine, air is forced in and exhaust gases are forced out on a single stroke. • Usually a blower forces air into the cylinder through intake ports. • The incoming air pushes remaining exhaust gases out of the cylinder through an exhaust valve.

  22. Two Stroke Animation Useful\two-stroke.swf

  23. Difference between 2S and 4S Engine

  24. High torque output Smooth running Quieter operation Lower emissions output More forgiving to poor operational practices Higher horse power availability Heavier construction No Gas/Oil mixing Advantages & Disadvantagesto a 4-Stroke Cycle Engine Disadvantages: • Advantages: • Heavy • Limited slope operation • More moving parts

  25. Low torque output Erratic running Characteristic Noisy Higher emissions output Gas/Oil mixing Advantages & Disadvantagesto a 2-Stroke Cycle Engine Disadvantages: • Advantages: • Lighter • Can be operated in all positions • Less moving parts • Higher horse power per cc displacement

  26. 2 Stoke Engines part names Still uses a flywheel (not shown) Cylinder Combustion chamber Exhaust port No Valve Train Crankcase Reed valve Piston Connecting Rod Crankshaft Intake port Transfer port

  27. Diesel

  28. Plant Layout of DPP

  29. Schematic Layout of a Diesel power plant The essential components of a Diesel Electric Plant are: (1) Engine (2) Engine air intake system (3) Engine fuel system (4) Engine exhausts system (5) Engine cooling system (6) Engine lubrication system (7) Engine starting system. Useful\MAN Diesel Powerplant Medium.flv.flv

  30. Engine Related Terms • TDC (top dead center) • BDC (bottom dead center) • Stroke • Bore • Revolution • Compression Ratio • Displacement • Cycle Useful\Diesel engine.mp4

  31. Diesel Engine Useful\Diesel Engine Working.mp4

  32. Exhaust system of DPP

  33. Fuel Injection System 1. The common rail system; 2. The distributor-injection system; and 3. The pump and pressure operated nozzle systems. Types of Fuel Injection System

  34. Common Rail Fuel Injection System A high pressure header or 'common rail' is supplied by a single pump with built in pressure regulation which adjusts pumping rate to maintain the desired injection pressure.

  35. Common Rail Fuel Injection System cont…

  36. Common Rail Fuel Injection System cont…

  37. Useful\Common rail diesel.mp4 Useful\Caterpillar Common Rail - YouTube.flv Useful\Diesel Common Rail Injection Facts 1.mp4

  38. Distributor-injection system In this system, a single injection pump supplies fuel to a distributor. The distributor directs fuel to the injectors in the right firing order. The metering of fuel is done at the pump. Useful\diesel fuel inector - how it works.mp4

  39. Individual Pump Injection system In this system, the injection pump and injector are combined into one unit and are driven by the overhead camshaft. The plunger is a part of the injector. Pressurization, timing, and metering of the fuel all take place in the unit injector. An engine with this system has one unit injector for each cylinder. Useful\Diesel fuel injection system - YouTube.flv

  40. Air Cooling System In this system fins or extended surfaces are provided on the cylinder walls, cylinder head, etc. Heat generated due to combustion in the engine cylinder will be conducted to the fins and when the air flows over the fins, heat will be dissipated to air.

  41. Air Cooling System cont… Advantages of Air Cooled System Following are the advantages of air cooled system : (a) Radiator/pump is absent hence the system is light. (b) In case of water cooling system there are leakages, but in this case there are no leakages. (c) Coolant and antifreeze solutions are not required. (d) This system can be used in cold climates, where if water is used it may freeze. Disadvantages of Air Cooled System (a) Comparatively it is less efficient. (b) It is used in aero planes and motorcycle engines where the engines are exposed to air directly.

  42. Liquid Cooling System

  43. Liquid cooling System cont…. Natural Circulation Useful\Air cooled and Water Cooled Engine.png

  44. Liquid cooling System cont…. Forced Circulation Useful\Cooling system.mp4

  45. Liquid cooling System cont….

  46. Liquid Cooling System

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