History of Photography Timeline

1. History of Photography Timeline Digital Photography Mr. Wissing Second Semester - 2010 Jesse Tempel

2. Events Coordinator Time Era: Before 1850 Jackie Uhing

3. 5th – 4thCenturies B.C Jackie Uhing Chinese And Greek philosophers described they basic principles of optics and the camera. 1664 – 1666 Isaac Newton discovers that white light is actually composed of lots of different colors.

4. 1727 Jackie Uhing Johann Heinrich was a very accomplished man who studied medicine, chemistry, philosophy, theology, and taught astronomy at the colleges of Hale and Altdorf. In the year of 1724 he conducted an experiment of which showed that silver and chalk reflected less light then untarnished silvers. The experiment also showed that the salts continued to darken when unprotected form light. While this experiment never exceeded a real preserved image it did set the foundation for one.

5. 1837 Jackie Uhing Louis Daquerre had been trying since the mid-1820’s to capture and make a permanent picture. While he had success in his quest it was not until 1838 that he felt comfortable showing people his invention, which was called the daguerreotype. This type of camera was the first ever that made a permanent image that did not fade, and it only needed 30minutes to become exposed. To make this happen a negative image was exposed on a mirror polished surface of metal that was coated with iodine. Then the negative was soaked in silver halide particles. The negative image then became a positive one and ba-da-bing a picture

6. 1841 • In 1841 William Henry Talbot patented the calotype. This camera was the first of its type to offer multiple copies of an image. The negative images from this camera were soaked in a garlic acid solution to create a latent image. Then the negatives were taken out of the garlic solution and they had access amounts of silver iodine on them the iodine was washed away and the positive image appeared. Jackie Uhing

7. Manufacturer • Pre 1850 Jesse Tempel

8. Jewel Box Camera • 1816, Joseph Nicephore Niepce • Created camera from a jewel box • Had a simple lens • Made a negative image Jesse Tempel

9. Talbot’s Mousetrap • 1834, Fox Talbot • Experimented with silver chloride coated paper to get negatives • Uses “mousetrap” camera to take first negative Jesse Tempel

10. The Daguerreotype • 1837, Louis Daguerre • Dauguerreotype, took fixed images, under 30 minutes exposure to light. Jesse Tempel

11. Picture Permanence • 1839, Sir John Herschel • Sodium hyposulfite • Made pictures permanent Jesse Tempel

12. Pictures before the 1850's Japheth Hartmann

13. Pictures before the 1850's The pictures in this time period were actually very clear. They were all in black and white though. They were clear because of the chemicals used. Japheth Hartmann

14. Pictures before the 1850's The pictures were very expensive before the 1850’s. They were expensive because they had to use a lot chemicals to make just one picture. Most people couldn’t get pictures of themselves because of the price of them. Japheth Hartmann

15. Pictures before the 1850's The pictures would also fade very easily. The chemicals that the pictures were made out of made the pictures fade easily. It is very rare the find a picture in this time period in good condition. Japheth Hartmann

16. Pictures before the 1850's It was very hard to make copies of pictures. It was easier to just take separate pictures then to try to make copies of them. Japheth Hartmann

17. Pictures before the 1850's Photography greatly increased during the 1800’s. Some of the inventions that took place during this era changed the photography world forever. Japheth Hartmann

18. Photographers before 1850 Ashley Jensen

19. Sir John Herschel Used the first term of photography in 1839 First invented by de la Roche (1729-1774) Before this was they used canvas with a sticky coating Processes had been known for quite some time It wasn’t until the 2 chemicals were put together that photography was in in existence Ashley Jensen

20. Robert Boyle Found that silver chloride turned dark in light but was thought that it was do to air not light. Angelo Sala found in the early 17th century that sliver turned black in the sun Johann Heninrich Schulze discovered in 1727 that certain liquids turned colors in sunlight. Ashley Jensen

21. Niepce Created the first picture in June or July 1827 using material that harden after being exposed to light This picture needed eight hours of exposure time Ashley Jensen

22. 1850 - 1900

23. Picture Person 1850-1900 There weren’t many different kinds of pictures taken in the years of 1850 through the 1900’s. The pictures taken were usually taken of buildings and other structures. There were also a lot of pictures taken of usually, groups of people. The quality of the pictures is not extravagant. They were mostly shot in black and white and sepia colors. By: Karlee Bourke

24. -A view of Constantinople, taken in 1855 by, James Robertson and Felice Beato. -This is a picture of Poongee Kyoung, Burma. It was photographed in 1880 by and unknown artist. One of the main focuses in the pictures from the 1850’s through the 1900’s was pictures of buildings and structures. The pictures from different cultures show what some of the structures in those places looked like. The buildings in these pictures has changed dramatically and we now know they’ve changed because we can compare the older pictures to recent pictures. Karlee Bourke

25. -Elephant of his highness Sir Madho Singhji Bahadur, Maharaja of Jaipur and retainers at a gate of the outer palace courtyard, Jaipur. This was taken in 1890. -This picture is a part of the Java Collection and was taken in 1870. Another main focus of photographers in the 1850’s through the 1900’s, was people. The people in these pictures, as you may have noticed, are not smiling. When they took pictures back then, it took a long time for the picture to develop, and that would have been a long time to keep that smile on. Now, thank goodness, it only takes a matter of a few seconds to take a picture. I also noticed when looking at these pictures that they were taken in larger groups. Karlee Bourke

26. -This was taken in 1855 by Linnaeus Tripe and is a picture of Amerapoora, at the corner of Mygabboodee-tee Kyoung. -This was photographed in 1880 by William J. Johnson. -This is a picture of Indian dancing girls in 1990 by an unknown photographer. The pictures taken during this time had pretty good resolution. They were mostly in black and white and a few had a sepia tone. You could really tell that these photos have been aged. Now photos that we take will last a little longer than those taken back in the early 19th century. The photographs taken were surprisingly pretty clear. Although, they still were a little fuzzy because they had only just begun to develop the camera. Karlee Bourke

27. Photographers & Inventors! …of the 1850s & early 1900s. Tara Winkle

28. Napoleon Sarony. (1821-1896) • Implemented the practice of paying well-known individuals (celebrities, etc) to pose for him and then retaining the rights to sell their photos for profit. Tara Winkle

29. George Eastman.(1854-1932) • In 1888, he invented dry, transparent, and flexible, photographic film (or rolled photography film). • Was an avid photographer and eventually became the founder of the Eastman ‘Kodak’ company. Tara Winkle

30. William James Stillman.(1828-1901) • Famous for “Greek landscape and the modern Greek context of ancient ruins, his work showed a modern sensibility for their time, a way of seeing utterly different from the commercial photography of Greeks and foreigners, whose photographs tended to cater to the set expectations of the touristic market. “ • One of the first foreign photographers to photograph his foreign land to incoming to tourists. Tara Winkle

31. The Kodak Brownie.(1894-1899) • Sold for one dollar, one hundred thousand were purchased in the first year alone. • One of the very first cameras that lead to the advancement in photography and further inventions. • Looked like a little brown box, with all the picture options located right next to the lens, and a single hand strap on the side. Tara Winkle

32. Events Coordinator 1850-1900 Jillian Kongsjord

33. 1860 • The civil war began in Fort Sumter, South Carolina. The civil war was the first war to have pictures taken of it. • Matthew Brady was one of the most popular photographers of that time. Robert E Lee Jillian Kongsjord

34. 1870 Alexander Graham Bell invents the telephone. The city of Chicago is almost destroyed in a deadly fire. Edison invents the incandescent light bulb. Jillian Kongsjord

35. 1880 • George Eastman takes a patent and the first Kodak box cameras are sold in 1888. • James A. Garfield is shot in the back on July 2, 1881. Jillian Kongsjord

36. 1890 • Thomas Edison patents a first motion picture camera the “kinetoscope” which can show a movie to one person at a time. • January 9 – X-rays are first used to treat breast cancer. • Utah becomes a state in 1896 Jillian Kongsjord

37. 1901-1950

38. Manufacturer1901-1950 By Mikayla Knudsen Mikayla Knudsen

39. Process • In 1901 the box roll-film camera was introduced by Kodak. • The roll-film was when the film was protected from light exposure by a paper backing rather than the cartridge that had previously been used. Mikayla Knudsen

40. Lenses • At this time they used waterhouse stop lenses. • They had a small whole in the center of the tab. They were oblong and rough along the edge. • Invented by John Waterhouse Mikayla Knudsen

41. Cost? • Kodak cameras costed about $20 in 1910 • This was about the time that cameras started becoming available to the general public. Mikayla Knudsen

42. Developing Photos • During this time there were 2 ways for people to get their photos developed • They could have sent their camera to Kodak to get their pictures developed, printed, and film reloaded • They also could have done it themselves by developing them in a dark room, but very few did this because they didn’t know how or didn’t have to tools necessary to do so. Mikayla Knudsen

43. Events1901-1950 By Selena Sermeno Selena Sermeno

44. 1904 • Chemical Emulsion Colour Sensitivity • This was used to change the color of the picture. • There was also black and white printing • Also Creating Reversal Images from Colour Slide Film Selena Sermeno

45. 1912 • Colour coupling, so dyes required for colour film processing could be created by combining appropriate developer oxidation products with colour former chemicals. • Wasn’t reliable to start film process Selena Sermeno

46. 1924 • Picture film was invented. • It was called the Leica, it made a new form of photojournalism possible. • It was the first precision 35mm camera. Selena Sermeno

47. 1947 • A guy invented “instant” picture process, 1st called Polariod land. • The special camera sandwiched the exposed negative with a receiving positive paper and spread the processing chemicals between the two • After that the two negative and positive paper were peeled apart. Selena Sermeno

48. Inventors/Photographers 1901 -1950 Rachel Nichelsen

49. Dr. Edwin Land - 1947 • Invented an “instant” picture process called Polaroid Land. This camera sandwiched the exposed negative with a receiving positive paper and spread the processing chemicals between the two, after processing these were peeled apart. Rachel Nichelsen

50. Cecil Beaton – 1904 to 1980 • He was most famous for his fashion photography. He worked for Vogue Magazine until the mid 1950’s. Rachel Nichelsen