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Drugs and Consciousness

Drugs and Consciousness. Altered States of Consciousness. Define Psychoactive Drugs. Chemical substances that change moods, perceptions, behaviors, and consciousness. Substance Abuse refers to. A pattern of drug use that:

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Drugs and Consciousness

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  1. Drugs and Consciousness Altered States of Consciousness

  2. Define Psychoactive Drugs • Chemical substances that change moods, perceptions, behaviors, and consciousness

  3. Substance Abuse refers to • A pattern of drug use that: • diminishes one’s ability to fulfill responsibilities at home, at work, or at school; • that results in the repeated use of a drug in dangerous situations; • or that leads to legal difficulties related to drug use.

  4. Substance Dependence (Addiction) refers to • The ongoing abuse of drugs that leads to compulsive use of the substance.

  5. Tolerance refers to • Higher doses of a drug are required to produce the original effects.

  6. Physical Dependence refers to • A condition in which a person has physically adapted to a drug so that he or she must take the drug regularly in order to avoid withdrawal symptoms

  7. Withdrawal refers to • The unpleasant physical or psychological effects following discontinued used of a substance

  8. Drug Rebound Effect • Withdrawal symptoms are often the opposite of the drug’s action

  9. Do I Have A Drug Problem? • Dependence is defined by exhibiting three of the following seven symptoms over a 12-month period of time

  10. Developing tolerance • Experiencing withdrawal symptoms when attempting to stop • Using a substance for a longer period, or in greater quantities, than originally intended • Making repeated attempts to stop or cut-back on drug usage

  11. Devoting a great deal of time attempting to obtain or use a substance • Giving up or reducing social, occupational, or recreational activities as a result of drug use • Continuing to use a substance even after negative physical or psychological effects have occurred, or will continue to occur with usage

  12. Depressants • Chemicals that slow down behavior or cognitive processes; inhibit central nervous system activity; relieve anxiety, lower inhibitions, lowers pain; affects the brain areas especially responsible for arousal, wakefulness and alertness, coordination • Including: Alcohol, Barbiturates, Tranquilizers, Opiates (Heroin)

  13. Stimulants • Drugs that stimulate the nervous system and produce feelings of optimism and boundless energy, arouse behavior, and increase mental awareness; stimulates the cerebral cortex especially • Including: Caffeine, Nicotine, Amphetamines (Speed, Ecstasy), Cocaine

  14. IE. Cocaine • Cocaine blocks the reuptake of dopamine (pleasure), norepinepherine (energy), and serotonin (arousal), so the feelings generated by those neurotransmitters intensifies as they linger in the synapse longer

  15. Psychedelics/Hallucinogens • Drugs that distort visual and auditory perception • Including: LSD, Mescaline, Peyote, Marijuana

  16. Why is marijuana considered a hallucinogen? • It relaxes, disinhibits, and may cause a euphoric high like alcohol, but it may also amplify sensitivity to colors, sounds, tastes, and smells

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