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WATER MANAGEMENT FACING CLIMATE CHANGE CHALLENGE

WATER MANAGEMENT FACING CLIMATE CHANGE CHALLENGE. INDEX. HYDRIC RESOURCES IN OUR PLANET CLIMATE CHANGE: CAUSES, TEMPERATURE EVOLUTION IN EARTH, EMMISSIONS EVOLUTION, BALANCE AND POSSIBLE IMPACTS CLIMATE CHANGE AND HYDRIC RESOURCES CLIMATE CHANGE CONSEQUENCES DEMOGRAPHIC GROWTH

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WATER MANAGEMENT FACING CLIMATE CHANGE CHALLENGE

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  1. WATER MANAGEMENT FACING CLIMATE CHANGE CHALLENGE

  2. INDEX • HYDRIC RESOURCES IN OUR PLANET • CLIMATE CHANGE: CAUSES, TEMPERATURE EVOLUTION IN EARTH, EMMISSIONS EVOLUTION, BALANCE AND POSSIBLE IMPACTS • CLIMATE CHANGEAND HYDRIC RESOURCES • CLIMATE CHANGE CONSEQUENCES • DEMOGRAPHIC GROWTH • WATER QUALITY ISSUE • EFFICIENT WATER MANAGEMENT • FUTURE CONSIDERATIONS • CONCLUSIONS

  3. HYDRIC RESOURCES IN THE EARTH Water is a clear, colorless, odorless and tasteless liquid ALTHOUGH IT ISNOT ALWAYS LIKE THAT …

  4. GLOBAL WATER RESOURCES WATER IS VERY ABUNDANT IN THE EARTH Only a 2,5% is fresh water And less than the 1% can be used by Man Fresh Water Consumption AND A VERY SMALL FRACTION IS ACCESIBLE AND DRINKABLE

  5. GLOBAL WATER RESOURCES Water is not consumed, it is renovated in a water cycle

  6. GLOBAL WATER RESOURCES Nevertheless, this cycle is lately suffering modifications REASONS: • Climate Change • Demographic Growth • Change of habits and uses • Aquiferous pollution • Supply improvements

  7. CLIMATE CHANGE SOME DATA according to the IV Assessment Report of the IPCC • Between 1970 and 2004, GHG emissions increased in a 70% • In the last 100 years, the Earth’s average temperature increased in a 0,74ºC and will keep on raising up to 0,7ºC due to GHG • The intensity and frequency of extreme phenomenon will increase: flooding, droughts, heat waves, rains etc. • Fresh water availability will decrease after the first half of the XXI century • In 2100, a raise of temperature between 1,8 and 4ºC is estimated, depending on the evolution of “life patterns” and the strategic decisions taken IF WE GO ABOVE 2ºC, THE IMPACTS WILL HAVE CATASTROPHIC CONSEQUENCES

  8. CLIMATE CHANGE CAUSES

  9. EVOLUTION OF THE EARTH’S TEMPERATURE

  10. GHG EMISSIONS IN EUROPE Emission of green house gases per person in EU countries between 1990 and 2005 Source: Fighting Climate Change. EU leads the path

  11. BALANCE OF CLIMATE CHANGE FROM WORLDWIDE FOCUS CLIMATE CHANGE NEGATIVE ELEMENTS POSITIVE ELEMENTS • Neither fulfilling agreements nor • committed objectives: • Kioto Protocol (1997) • Wider worldwide awareness • Increase in the knowledge • of causes and mechanisms OBJETIVE 2008-2012:To reduce a 5,2% the global GHG emissions over the levels of 1990 SPAIN:Increases a 15% emissions since 1990. It has currently increased a 35%. • EUROPEAN OBJETIVES FOR 2020 (ENERGETIC PACKAGE 20-20-20): • To reduce a 20% GHG emissions (30% if the agreement is managed) • To decrease a 20% the consume of energy • To increase a 20% renewal energies

  12. CLIMATE CHANGE CONSEQUENCES SOCIO-ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES RELATED TO WATER TOURISM tourist accommodation construction and management ECONOMY Resources management HEALTH Related diseases to water quality INDUSTRY AND ENERGYhigher electric production and demand AGRICULTURE Agriculture production and productivity GLOBAL WARMING WILL DEFINE HYDRIC RESOURCES EVOLUTION as well as the economic activities that depend on it

  13. DEMOGRAPHIC GROWTH Demographic growth in million of people Natality data indicate that worldwide population will be doubled in the next generation DRINKING WATER DEMAND AND WASTE WATER QUANTITY WILL INCREASE

  14. WATER QUALITY: A BIG PROBLEM EFFECTS OF WATER QUALITY IN THE ENVIRONMENT AMONG PEOPLE • United Nations Report • 1.200 MILLION PEOLE HAVE NO ACCESS TO WATER DRINKING WATER • 2.500 MILLION PEOPLE HAVE NO ACCESS TO BASIC SANITATION SYSTEMS • Data from the Red Cross • 100 diseases related to water quality • 5 million people die per year due to these diseases related to water: A CHILD DIES EACH 3 SECONDS QUALITY: the problem of the XXI century

  15. EFFICIENT MANAGEMENT OF WATER WASTE WATER TREATMENT ACCESS TO DRINKING WATER OBJETIVES To control pollution To assure and equitable and sufficient access to water To assure the Necessary Water Treatments To supply clean and quality water To promote an efficient use and saving water WATER +EFFICIENT MANAGEMENT= FUTURE WATER – EFFICIENT MANAGEMENT= ?????

  16. EFFICIENT WATER MANAGEMENT (I) TOWARDS NEW CONCEPTS OF WATER USES STRUCTURAL MEASURES NON STRUCTURAL MEASURES • Re-adaptation of water uses (saving water and reducing it’s consumption) • Stop biodiversity losses • Mantaining banks and riversides INFRASTRUCTURE WORKS TO STOCK ALL THE WATER WE CAN IN A SUSTAINABLE WAY • PRINCIPLES • Efficient use of water= Saving energy • Cost recovery principle • Adjust territorial developments to sustainable availability of resources; (i.e. 1000 inhab. System- • Urban area 100.000 inhab.

  17. EFFICIENT MANAGEMENT OF WATER (II) Waste Water:300 Hm³/ year WATER TREATMENT PLAN OF ARAGON:425 water treatment plantsInvestment: 443 MOperated: 977 MTax: 25 euros person/year QUALITY RIVERS LIFE CLEAN ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY BET FOR THE FUTURE

  18. CONSIDERATIONS Why countries do no prepare themselves for a future of water scarcity ? Towards a world with less water conflicts DIALOGUE AGREEMENT JOINT PLANS WATER PRICE: Why do we consider it normal to pay 1,2 euros for 1 litre of gas, while we think it is abusive to pay more than 0,001 euros for a litre of drinking water ? WE HAVE TO CHANGE OUR AWARENESS AND OUR LIVING MODEL DRINKING WATER WILL BE THE MOST PRECIOUS GOOD IN THE FUTURE

  19. CONCLUSIONS CLIMATE CHANGE AND WATER Improve of quantity management systems Sustainable regulations Efficient water management To start-up Quality Systems Waste Water Treatment Plans Decreasing Pollution Scenarios with a higher Water demand COST RECOVERY PRINCIPLE TOWARDS AND INTEGRATED, SUSTAINABLE AND EQUITABLE WATER MANAGEMENT (EFFICIENT AND COMPETITIVE RESOURCES IMPLEMENTATION)

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