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Digital Fundamentals

Digital Fundamentals. CHAPTER 10 Memory and Storage. Basics of Semiconductor Memory. Basics of Semiconductor Memory. Units of binary data Bit Nibble (4 bits) Byte (8 bits). Basics of Semiconductor Memory. A single binary bit is stored in a memory cell

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Digital Fundamentals

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  1. Digital Fundamentals CHAPTER 10Memory and Storage

  2. Basics of Semiconductor Memory

  3. Basics of Semiconductor Memory • Units of binary data • Bit • Nibble (4 bits) • Byte (8 bits)

  4. Basics of Semiconductor Memory • A single binary bit is stored in a memory cell • An organized group of cells is called a array

  5. Basics of Semiconductor Memory • Memory cells are organized by columns and rows • A single unit of data occupies one row and a number of columns of cells • 8 columns for a byte of data • 16 columns for a word of data • 32 columns for 32-bit data

  6. Basics of Semiconductor Memory • The location of a unit of data is called the address • The number of units that can be stored in a memory is the memory’s capacity

  7. Write to memory Read from memory Basics of Semiconductor Memory

  8. Random-Access Memories (RAMs)

  9. Random-Access Memories (RAMs)

  10. Read-Only Memories (ROM)

  11. Read-Only Memories (ROM)

  12. Programmable ROMs (PROMs and EPROMs)

  13. Programmable ROMs • Programmable read-only memory (PROM) • Erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM)

  14. Flash Memories

  15. Flash Memories • High storage capacity • Nonvolatile • In-system read and write • Low power consumption • Relatively fast operation • Cost effective

  16. Memory Expansion

  17. Memory Expansion • Word-length expansion • Word-capacity expansion

  18. Special Types of Memories

  19. Special Types of Memories • First in-first out (FIFO) • Last in-first out (LIFO)

  20. Magnetic and Optical Storage

  21. Magnetic Storage • Hard disk • Floppy disk • Zip™ drive • Tape

  22. Optical Storage • CD-ROM • Write Once/Read Many (WORM) • CD-R • CD-RW • DVD-ROM

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