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Group Roles. Holly Claus Kirstyn Davies Andrew Papadopoulos John Pizzedaz Mariah Strong.
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Group Roles Holly Claus Kirstyn Davies Andrew Papadopoulos John Pizzedaz Mariah Strong
Roles will develop as a situation occurs. They will not stay consistent throughout a situation but will be likely to change based on communication. Roles can develop more strongly or can become weaker based on the other members and roles that they play.
WHAT HAT WILL YOU WEAR? Throughout life people wear different “hats” based on the situation that they are put into. Will a person only wear one hat in a given situation?
FUNCTIONAL APPROACH • Social system that has specific goals of making a decision or solving a problem. • In order to reach goals one must perform the functions • Demonstrated by the communication behavior during group meetings.
Role A repeatable pattern of communicative behaviors that group members come to expect from each other.
WHAT IS THE MEANING OF ROLE? When group members engage in communication to reduce uncertainty about the work the group is doing, they also evaluate the behaviors of other members. Steven Beebe & John Masterson (2003) • Statements that group members make and then send messages to other group members about who they are and what function they serve. Kenneth Benne & Paul Sheats (1948)
PROPOSTIONS OF ROLES • Roles are learned behaviors • Assigned • Emerged • Self- Concept affects role behavior • Each member helps to establish an identity 3) Multiple roles are played simultaneously
Role Strain Group requires members to assume a new role but they feel reluctant to do so.
ROLE DEVELOPMENT Information Seeking Feedback Response given by the speaker Individual roles Evaluate role performance Motivation • How it is said • Who they say it to • Content of the information • How to gain the information
Feedback • Negative • Positive • Ambiguous • Little information is given • Neither positive nor negative • Not enough clarification
FORMAL ROLES • Specific positions • Assigned • Appointed • Elected • Keeping the group on task and moving toward the ultimate goal
Leader • Move group towards goals • Convince the audience that group has achieved goal • External and internal influences • Most complex role
Recorder • Take the minutes • Record actions of the group • Group Meetings • Important dates
Critical Advisor • Challenges member’s ideas • Constructive criticism • Think through all the steps • Positive and negative solutions
INFORMAL ROLES • Emerges through member interaction • More than 1 member can perform each role • There are 5 types of informal roles • Task Leader • Social- Emotional Leader • Information Provider • Central Negative • Tension Releaser • Follower
Task Leader • Take charge attitude • Technical skills • Problem- solving abilities • Puts group members at ease
Social- Emotional Leader • Mutual respect for all members • Support ideas • Building relationships • Maintaining member quality
Information Provider • Synthesize information • Facts • Stats • Examples
Central Negative Tension Releaser Light humor Smiles Eases tensions of the group • Challenges group decisions • Strong criticism • Unhappy with group work
Follower • Goes along with the group • Doesn’t complain • Physically following the group
DEVIANT ROLES • Destroy groups productivity and success because the communication focuses on the individual member rather than the group. • Aggressor- attacks members verbally and group tasks • Dominator- shows superiority Benne & Sheats (1948)
ROLE FLEXIBILITY • The skills and abilities need to be processed to engage in a variety of group member roles. • Resist role rigidity • Group goals come before individual goals • Contribute to group task roles
When Hiking Goes Wrong Our journey from day 1!
Day 1 • Dr. Webber assigned each group a Leader (Holly) • Based on our self-evaluations we were placed into groups • Our first meeting day we created a group contract • Everyone read what they viewed themselves as • Everyone read what they wanted their experience to be like • Decided to make group decisions by voting • Kirstyn volunteered to take the minutes at our meetings
Day 2 • Brainstorming Day • Everyone brought ideas of what we wanted to do our project on • We voted to make a video for our presentation • Everyone’s decisions were heard and evaluated throughout the group • We voted on the top three ideas to do our video on
Day 3 • Planning was put into action • Holly wrote the script based on personalities she saw in the group and the evaluations that each group member had read. • Mariah had role strain when she saw that she was going to have to get into an argument with Andrew. • John was the member in the group that was very task oriented and Holly portrayed that in his character in the film
Filming Day • Leader- Holly & Andrew • Recorder- Kirstyn • Critical Advisor- Andrew & John • Task Leader- Andrew • Social- Emotional Leader- Mariah & Kirstyn • Information Provider- John • Tension releaser- Mariah & Kirstyn • Dominator- Andrew • Aggressor- Kirstyn • Follower- Mariah
References Myers, S.A., & Anderson, C.M. (2008). The fundamentals of small group communication. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage