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Non-technical overview of permeability…or the lack thereof

Non-technical overview of permeability…or the lack thereof. chuck. agenda. Permeability Calculation of Permeability What Measurement Really Matters?. PERMEABILITY. SPE. SPE Papers: Proof the subject is complex SPE 56813: Stress-Dependent Permeability, October 1999. Davies

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Non-technical overview of permeability…or the lack thereof

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  1. Non-technical overview of permeability…or the lack thereof chuck

  2. agenda • Permeability • Calculation of Permeability • What Measurement Really Matters?

  3. PERMEABILITY

  4. SPE • SPE Papers: Proof the subject is complex • SPE 56813: Stress-Dependent Permeability, October 1999. Davies • SPE 131768: Petrophysical Considerations in Evaluating and Producing Shale Gas Resources, February 2010. Sondergeld; Newsham; Comisky; Rice and Rai • SPE 153480: Transient pressure Behavior for Dual Porosity Low Permeability Reservoir Based on Modified Darcy’s Equation, April 2012. China University of Petroleum. • SPE 114168: The Characteristic Flow Behavior of Low-Permeability Reservoir Systems, February 2008. Blasingame. • SPE 39657: Relative Permeability Curves: The Influence of Flow Directionand Heterogeneities, April 1998. Crotti; Inlab; Rosbaco. • SPE 59753: Low Permeability Gas Reservoirs and FormationDamage – Tricks and Traps, April 2000. Hycal Research Laboratories.

  5. FLOW PRINCIPLE THAT WE LIVE BY: • Get KH Right k h s / xf μ ∆P

  6. SO WHICH PERMEABILITY ARE WE TALKING ABOUT? absolute matrix directional relative radial air manufactured effective fracture vertical

  7. WHAT WE ARE TRYING TO REPRESENT:

  8. Calculation OF PERMEABILITY

  9. Complex vs Simple Prediction error Error History Match curve fit Complexity

  10. Sampling error What color clothing is in the image?

  11. Sampling error A small data point can yield a large error.

  12. How Do We Infer Permeability? Well Drainage Area Well Test Evaluation Well Performance Evaluation Guess Log Analysis Core Analysis Analogy Well Test Evaluation - Well Performance Evaluation Reservoir Sample Size Log Analysis - Core Analysis

  13. History Match Permeability Volume

  14. Rate Transient Analysis Normally use FMB to get A Instead use EUR from Arps in FMB to get A Lower decline (flatten out) during PSS flow and especially for low perm reservoirs Use A to match Blasingame type curve Output: range of k, Xf, A Corresponds to currently contacted area Assumed drainage area

  15. WELL TEST / Rate Transient Analysis

  16. Rock Typing and Permeability Relationship

  17. PERM vs THICKNESS vsPVTvs DRAINAGE vs # FRACTURES vs# CLUSTERS vs SATURATIONS vs EVERYTHING ELSE…WHICH ONE MATTERS THE MOST?

  18. Permeability Effect on Production Profile

  19. EFFECT of Permeability Thickness:

  20. Adjustment We Live With: Pressure Dependency

  21. The Effect of Oil Gravity and Solution Gas on Production

  22. Is the Permeability/porosity relationship important, or is it mostly the porosity(rock type)? Effective Porosity 0% 8% Phie vs. IP Phie*Fracs vs. IP Extracted Synthetic Effective Porosity along wellbore trajectory 0% 8% 24 Fracs

  23. Drainage Area Effect:

  24. Matrix Permeability of Unconventional System

  25. Stimulation Stimulation Style: What Does it look like?

  26. True “reservoir” is really only fractured area, or is it? Permeability will determine economic fracture spacing SRV EXAMPLE Depleted Area (60% Press Depletion) Definition of SRV

  27. What are the drainage effects of clusters on < 1000 nd? Are all of these activating?

  28. Reservoir Performance– Engineers Tools *mod. Josh Hegg

  29. BEST ANSWERS WIN ! BUT WHAT IS THE QUESTION?

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