STANDARD IV: The student will use correct capitalization and punctuation.

STANDARD IV: The student will use correct capitalization and punctuation. Objective 3 Demonstrate correct use of a semicolon and a colon

Semicolon • Use a semicolon to join two closely related sentences not joined by a conjunction - and, but, for, or, not, yet. • I was willing to compromise; he was not. • The weatherman gave his forecast; he said snow. • She painted her nails; they were purple.

Semicolon • Use a semicolon between independent clauses joined by conjunctive adverbs such as accordingly, also, besides, consequently, furthermore, hence, however, indeed, instead, moreover, nevertheless, other wise, similarly, still, therefore, thus, for examples, for instance, that is, in fact. • We enjoyed the play; in fact, it was the best production this year. • Miranda visited car lots; however, Molly searched the Internet. • They were interested in reliable, economical cars; for example, Toyotas have few problems and retain their values.

Semicolon • Use a semicolon between items in a series if the items contain commas. • He traveled to St. Paul, Minnesota; Denver, Colorado; and Dallas, Texas during the two-week vacation.

Colon • Use a colon before a list of items. When the list immediately follows a verb or a preposition, do not use a colon. • Don’t miss these items that will be on sale in January: sheets, towels, bedspreads, and rugs. • I requested the following: your name, your address, and your telephone number. • She needed a flashlight, pliers, a hammer, and hooks. • Our toolbox contains a hammer, a wrench, and a chisel.

Colon • Use a colon after the salutation of a business letter. • Dear Sir: • Dear Madame:

Identify the sentence with incorrect punctuation. • If I were hungry, I would eat; however, I am still full from breakfast. • In descending order, my favorite meals would be; breakfast, dinner, midnight snack, and lunch. • Some of the most useful sections come at the end of a textbook: index, glossary, bibliography, and appendix. • Many sentences have a subject, either expressed or understood; a predicate, either transitive or intransitive; and a direct object, unless the verb is intransitive.

Choose the sentence that is punctuated correctly. • Igloos are used as homes on the ice; also hunting shelters. • The Statue of Liberty was designed by Frederic Bartholdi; a French sculptor. • The pulmonary artery, the superior vena cava, and the aorta: are three of the large blood vessels of the heart. • We collected many items for the hurricane victims: bottled water, blankets, canned food, batteries, and medical supplies.

Look at the underlined part of the sentence. Choose the answer that shows the correct punctuation for that part. As I traveled through England, I saw many wonderful sights: soaring cathedral spires, ancient ruins, and magnificent castles. • sights; soaring • sights, soaring • sights. Soaring • Correct as it is

Choose the sentence in which the semicolon (;) is used correctly. • The restaurant serves fish, chicken; and steak, you may order any of them grilled, blackened, or fried. • The restaurant serves fish, chicken, and steak; you may order any of them grilled, blackened, or fried. • The restaurant serves fish, chicken, and steak you may order any of them grilled; blackened, or fried. • The restaurant serves fish, chicken, and steak you may order any of them grilled, blackened; or fried.

Choose the sentence in which the colon (:) is used correctly. • Crystals are made almost completely of carbon: and they typically have eight faces. • The students presented reports on five mammals: dolphins, kangaroos, squirrels, bats, and wolves. • Patrick Henry: distinguished statesman, lawyer, and orator lived during the time of America’s Revolutionary War. • Polar bears have a thick layer of fat beneath their skin to insulate them from cold, water, snow, and ice: called blubber.

Choose the sentence in which the semicolon (;) is used correctly. ASo-called “quantitative” mutual funds; by using very powerful computers can analyze thousands of companies in minutes searching for the right combination of risk and reward true believers think “quants” may someday replace human portfolio managers completely. B So-called “quantitative” mutual funds by using very powerful computers; can analyze thousands of companies in minutes searching for the right combination of risk and reward true believers think “quants” may someday replace human portfolio managers completely. C So-called “quantitative” mutual funds by using very powerful computers can analyze thousands of companies in minutes; searching for the right combination of risk and reward true believers think “quants” may someday replace human portfolio managers completely. D So-called “quantitative” mutual funds by using very powerful computers can analyze thousands of companies in minutes searching for the right combination of risk and reward; true believers think “quants” may someday replace human portfolio managers completely.

Choose the sentence in which the colon (:) is used correctly. • Thomas Jefferson, in his first inaugural address: issued this challenge “Let us then with courage and confidence pursue our own Federal and Republican principles, our attachment to union and representative government.” • Thomas Jefferson, in his first inaugural address; issued this challenge “Let us then with courage and confidence pursue our own Federal and Republican principles, our attachment to union and representative government.”(next slide)

C. Thomas Jefferson, in his first inaugural address, issued this challenge “Let us then with courage and confidence pursue our own Federal and Republican principles, our attachment to union and representative government.” D. Thomas Jefferson, in his first inaugural address, issued this challenge: “Let us then with courage and confidence pursue our own Federal and Republican principles, our attachment to union and representative government.”

Choose the sentence in which the semicolon (;) is used correctly. • The temperature was below freezing; the space shuttle launch was consequently delayed until Tuesday. • The temperature was below freezing the space shuttle launch was consequently; delayed until Tuesday. • The temperature was below freezing the space shuttle launch; was consequently delayed until Tuesday. • The temperature was below freezing the space shuttle launched was consequently delayed; until Tuesday.

Choose the sentence that is punctuated correctly. • When you come to class, please be sure to bring: a pen, some paper, and a textbook. • Ruth was placed on restriction by her parents; after violating her 11 o’clock curfew. • He made the usual excuses; not enough time, not enough help, not enough resources. • The leaders of the second round of the golf tournament have the following scores: 63, 64, and 67.

Look at the underlined part of the sentence. Choose the answer that shows the correct punctuation for that part. Cotton was once a major cash crop in Alabama, it was replaced by peanuts for many years. • Alabama it • Alabama: it • Alabama; it • Correct as it is

Choose the sentence that is punctuated correctly. • Following standard practice: the expert secretary might use the salutation “Dear Sir” to begin a formal letter. • Following standard practice, the expert: secretary might use the salutation “Dear Sir” to begin a formal letter. • Following standard practice, the expert secretary might use the salutation: “Dear Sir” to begin a formal letter. • Following standard practice, the expert secretary might use the salutation “Dear Sir:” to begin a formal letter.

Answers • B • D • D • B • B • D • D • A • D • C • D

STANDARD IV: The student will use correct capitalization and punctuation.