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I. Old and New Causes of a Second World War Guomindang Chinese reunification Japanese invade

I. Old and New Causes of a Second World War II. Unchecked Aggression and the Coming of War in Europe and the Pacific III. The Conduct of a Second Global War IV. War's End and the Emergence of the Superpower Standoff V. Nationalism and Decolonization. I. Old and New Causes of a Second World War

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I. Old and New Causes of a Second World War Guomindang Chinese reunification Japanese invade

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  1. I. Old and New Causes of a Second World WarII. Unchecked Aggression and the Coming of War in Europe and the PacificIII. The Conduct of a Second Global WarIV. War's End and the Emergence of the Superpower StandoffV. Nationalism and Decolonization

  2. I. Old and New Causes of a Second World War • Guomindang • Chinese reunification • Japanese invade • Manchuria, Manchuko, 1931 • Germany • Response to Soviet Union, World War I losses • Italy • Ethiopia

  3.  II. Unchecked Aggression and the Coming of War in Europe and the Pacific Japanese invade China, 1937 • Guomindang retreat • Germany • invades Poland, 1939 The Main Theaters of World War II

  4. III. The Conduct of a Second Global War West reacts slowly • A. Nazi Blitzkrieg, Stalemate, and the Long Retreat Germany • Conquers France, Low Countries • Northern Africa • Britain • Winston Churchill • Russia • Germany invades, 1941 • 1943, driven back • B. From Persecution to Genocide: Hitler's War Against the Jews Holocaust begins, 1942 • Up to 12 million killed • 6 million Jews

  5. III. The Conduct of a Second Global WarC. Anglo-American Offensives, Encirclement, and the End of the 12-Year Reich Pearl Harbor, 1941 • United States joins Allies • Americans and British • North Africa, 1942 • Success against Germans, Italians • France, 1944 • Germany surrenders, 1945 • D. The Rise and Fall of the Japanese Empire in the Pacific War Japan • Attacks U.S., 1941 • Indonesia, Malaya, Burma, Philippines • U.S. • Some success by late 1942 • Air attacks on Japan, 1944 • Atomic bombs • Hiroshima, Nagasaki

  6. IV. War's End and the Emergence of the Superpower Standoff United Nations • Security Council • U.S., Soviet Union, Britain, France, China • World Court

  7. IV. War's End and the Emergence of the Superpower StandoffA. From Hot War to Cold War Teheran Conference, 1944 • U.S., Britain, France • Yalta, 1945 • Germany, four occupation zones • Potsdam, 1945 • Germany, Austria divided, occupied • Japan invaded, loses territories • Korea freed, divided into two zones • China • Regains territory • Communists v. Nationalists • Baltic States • Become Soviet provinces • Except Yugoslavia, Greece

  8. V. Nationalism and Decolonization • Atlantic Charter, 1941 • Self-determination • A. The Winning of Independence in South and Southeast Asia Indian National Congress • Quit India Movement, 1942 • Gandhi • Muhammad Ali Jinnah, Muslim League • British Labour government, 1945 • Hindu/Muslim conflict • India, Pakistan, 1947 • Gandhi assassinated, 1948 • Sri Lanka (Ceylon), Myanmar (Burma) • Peaceful independence

  9. V. Nationalism and Decolonization • A. The Winning of Independence in South and Southeast Asia • Philippines • U.S. grants independence • Dutch • Lose Indonesia to nationalists, 1949 • French • Indochina

  10. V. Nationalism and Decolonization • B. The Liberation of Nonsettler Africa Two models • Radical • e.g. British Gold Coast (Ghana) • Kwame Nkrumah • Convention Peoples Party • Strikes, rallies, boycotts • Independence, 1957 • Peaceful • French, Belgian territories • Negotiation • e.g. Senegal, Ivory Coast • Léopold Sédar Senghor, Felix Houphouât-Boigny • Economic ties retained • All French West African colonies freed by 1960 • Portuguese retain colonies

  11. V. Nationalism and Decolonization • C. Repression and Guerrilla War: The Struggle for the Settler Colonies More conflict • Kenya • Jomo Kenyatta • Peaceful efforts fail • Land Freedom Army • Guerilla tactics • Defeated, Kenyatta imprisoned • Negotiation with Britain • Independence, 1963 • Kenyatta president • Algeria • Violent • National Liberation Front • Warfare, 1950s • Negotiations • Independence, 1962

  12. V. Nationalism and Decolonization • D. The Persistence of White Supremacy in South Africa Angola, Mozambique • Revolution • Independence, 1975 • Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe) • Independence by 1980 • South Africa • Afrikaners • White supremacy ideology • In control after Anglo-Boer War (1899-1902) • Apartheid

  13. V. Nationalism and Decolonization • E. Conflicting Nationalisms: Arabs, Israelis, and the Palestinian Question Arab nations • Most independent by 1960s • Palestine • Zionist movement • Holocaust • Muslim revolt, 1936-1939 • 1948, Palestine divided • Warfare The Partition of Palestine After World War II

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