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Labor Unions and Urban Reform Movements: Impact on Workers and Big Business

Explore the role of labor unions, urban political machines, and responses by immigrants and reformers in shaping workplace conditions. Delve into key historical events like the Triangle Shirtwaist fire, Haymarket Square Riot, and Pullman Strike. Understand how collective bargaining empowered workers to demand better hours and safer conditions. Learn about influential figures like Samuel Gompers and the Knights of Labor in the fight for workers' rights.

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Labor Unions and Urban Reform Movements: Impact on Workers and Big Business

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  1. Labor Unions Lecture 4

  2. Analyze the effect of urban political machines and responses by immigrants and middle-class reformers. Essential Question: What impact did Labor Unions have on workers and big business? Standard 11.2.4

  3. Labor Unions • Collective bargaining • Unions allow workers to negotiate with their bosses as a group • shorter work hours, safer working conditions, • unions collect dues to raise money for their causes • the National Labor Union = 1st Large Labor Union

  4. Workers • Skilled Worker • workers that possess some expertise, training, or education that make them hard to replace • masons, carpenters, blacksmiths, and bakers • Unskilled Worker • workers that possess no specific training and are easily replaced • miner, factory assembly

  5. The Triangle Shirtwaist Company Fire – 1911

  6. Riots • Haymarket Square Riot, 1886 • Rally for union workers • Bomb Went Off • Turned into a riot • killed 7 police and many civilians • 8 anarchists were arrested for murder • anti-immigrant, anti-labor prejudice hurt unions

  7. Knights of Labor • Knights of Labor, 1869 • secretive union that allowed any worker (skilled or unskilled) to join • except liquor dealers, gamblers, and lawyers • became very unpopular after the Haymarket Square riot

  8. Samuel Gompers • American Federation of Labor, 1886 • Led by Samuel Gompers • Made up of skilled unions • AFL is the largest union organization in the US today • Successful • it was anti-immigrant especially anti-Chinese

  9. Pullman Strike • Pullman Strike, 1893 • Pullman Palace Car Company cut pay by 28% • worker’s rent was not lowered • 125,000+ workers went on strike in Chicago • shut down the nation’s railroads • 12,000 troops broke up the strike because they interfered with the US Mail • Eugene V. Debs went to jail and became a socialist

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