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Animal intelligence is difficult to define.

Explore how animals exhibit complex cognitive abilities through problem-solving, insight, and tool use. Intelligence in animals, like primates, dolphins, and corvids, is linked to brain size and social group complexity. Cultural behaviors spread through learning in animal populations.

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Animal intelligence is difficult to define.

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  1. KEY CONCEPT Some animals other than humans exhibit behaviors requiring complex cognitive abilities.

  2. Animal intelligence is difficult to define. • Cognition is the mental process of knowing through perception or reasoning. • awareness • ability to judge • ability to solve complex problems • Other factors affecting an animal’s behavior may seem like cognition.

  3. Some animals can solve problems. • Insight is the ability to solve a problem mentally without repeated trial and error. • observed in primates, dolphins, and corvids • chimpanzee retrieving hanging bananas

  4. Tool use helps an animal accomplish a task. • some dolphins use sponges to protect and hunt • crows and chimpanzees make probing sticks • capuchin monkeys use rocks to crack nuts

  5. Cognitive ability may provide an adaptive advantage for living in social groups. • Intelligence in animals seems to be correlated with two characteristics. • relatively large brains for their body size • live in complex social groups

  6. Cultural behavior spreads through a population by learning, not by selection. • taught to one generation by another • aided by living in close proximity

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