What is PUBERTY?

1. What is PUBERTY? Year 5 (Lesson 1)

2. What is Puberty? I understand why I go through puberty and what happens to me during this time. I feel confident in dealing with the challenges puberty will bring and able to seek advice from others if I feel worried. 5 4 3 I am unsure why I go through puberty and what happens to me during this time. I do not feel confident in dealing with the challenges puberty will bring and feel embarrassed to seek advice from others if I feel worried. 2 1

3. GROUND RULES What rules would make a safe environment to share?

4. What is puberty? Puberty is the time when your body changes from being a child to a young adult. Your body is preparing itself to be able to reproduce (have a baby).

5. Why does it happen? Puberty starts when extra amounts of chemicals called hormones start to be produced in the body. The body produces the sex hormones OESTROGEN, PROGESTOGEN and TESTOSTORONE which are responsible for many different changes in the body. The brain and pituitary gland release the sex hormones that regulate the reproductive organs.

6. Do I need to worry? Puberty can happen any time between the ages of 8 to 16 and takes place slowly. Your body will be changing without you even noticing it for a while. It doesn’t matter at what age you reach puberty. Everyone’s body is different and your body will change when it’s ready.  Ask someone you feel you can trust. This might be a member of your family, a teacher at school, the school nurse etc. It is better to speak to grown-up as sometimes friends might pretend to know but have actually only picked up little bits of information, some of which might well be wrong. If you are worried about anything, make sure you talk to someone you can trust. Remember it is better to find out about something or talk about a worry than to keep it to yourself.

7. Chris’ Story

8. Do you think Chris is a boy or a girl, or are you unsure? Let’s Vote No change that is happening to Chris would indicate one gender over another. The changes happening to Chris are NORMAL and could happen to anyone. The changes Chris is going through are all signs of puberty and will happen to different people at different times.

9. Physical Changes Physical changes happen because the body starts to produce chemicals called sex hormones; oestrogen, progesterone and testosterone. Puberty happens anywhere between 8 and 18 years of age.

10. Physical Changes cont. The female body mainly produces progesterone and oestrogen which start the changes of puberty. Usually starts between 8-13 years. The male body mainly produces testosterone which start the changes of puberty. Usually stars between 10-15 years.

11. Bodies activity!

12. What changes happen to boys and girls? Emotional • Start having sexual thoughts and feelings • May be physically attracted to other people • Sometimes feel lonely and confused • Mood swings (including irritability, tearfulness, overwhelming happiness and confusion) • May become argumentative and bad tempered • Want more independence • Start to think about the future • Start to think more about appearance Physical Grow taller Skin becomes oily Spots appear on skin Hair grows on face Hair grows under arms Hair grows on arms and face Hair grows on genitals (pubic hair) Body produces sex hormones Body shape changes & weight gain Face shape changes Voice becomes deeper Body sweats more

13. What is Puberty? I understand why I go through puberty and what happens to me during this time. I feel confident in dealing with the challenges puberty will bring and able to seek advice from others if I feel worried. 5 4 3 I am unsure why I go through puberty and what happens to me during this time. I do not feel confident in dealing with the challenges puberty will bring and feel embarrassed to seek advice from others if I feel worried. 2 1

14. Questions for the next session?

15. I can plan for puberty Year 5 (Lesson 3)

16. GROUND RULES What rules would make a safe environment to share?

17. I can plan for puberty. I understand why I go through puberty and what happens to me during this time. I feel confident in dealing with the challenges puberty will bring and able to seek advice from others if I feel worried. 5 4 3 I am unsure why I go through puberty and what happens to me during this time. I do not feel confident in dealing with the challenges puberty will bring and feel embarrassed to seek advice from others if I feel worried. 2 1

18. Emotional Changes It is not just your body that changes during puberty – your mind and feelings change too. Sometimes: - You may feel lonely and confused. - You may have mood swings (including irritability, tearfulness, overwhelming happiness and confusion). - You may want more independence. - You may also become argumentative and bad tempered.

19. What causes conflict with parents & Carers?

20. Any of these come up? • Homework • Clothes • Games consoles (i.e. Wii, X-Box, Playstation) • Internet usage • Music choices and volume • Friends • Bedroom • Choice of leisure activities

21. How can we make parents & Carers happy? Conflict Resolution Mind Map

22. How to keep parents happy • Keep them involved, tell them how you are feeling about things. • Ask their advice, listen and if you disagree tell them why. • Accept that they have the right to lay down some rules, be willing to meet them halfway. • Try not to lose your temper, if you show them you can accept when they say no, may be they will be willing to say yes in the future. • When going out, tell them where and with who, agree a time when you will return and ALWAYS let them know if you are going to be late. • Help more around the house, without waiting to be asked!

23. What causes conflict with Friends?

24. What causes conflict with friends? • Other friendships, new friends. • Misunderstandings, arguments. • Girlfriends or boyfriends. • Choice of things to do together. • The way they talk to you, making you feel bad about yourself. • They do not listen to you, they only talk about themselves. • Jealousy.

25. Add to your conflict resolution mind map!

26. Give and take with friends • Try to not demand too much support and attention without giving some in return, they will feel resentful and used. • Show mutual respect. • Be honest with them. • If you let a friend tell you how to behave and what to do, then you are not being fair to yourself or to them.

27. Managing our hygiene as we grow up!

28. Personal HygieneWhat do we do? List all the activities you see? Why are the important?

29. Sweat Sweat is your body’s natural way of helping you to cool down. Sweat can also some times become smelly when the chemicals it contains mixes with bacteria that live naturally on your skin. Deodorants work by killing the bacteria on your skin, and they also work as an anti- perspirant by reducing the amount of sweat. If you wish to use deodorant have a discussion with your parents and carers.

30. Personal Hygiene Plan

31. I can plan for puberty. I understand why I go through puberty and what happens to me during this time. I feel confident in dealing with the challenges puberty will bring and able to seek advice from others if I feel worried. 5 4 3 I am unsure why I go through puberty and what happens to me during this time. I do not feel confident in dealing with the challenges puberty will bring and feel embarrassed to seek advice from others if I feel worried. 2 1

32. Any Questions?

33. Lesson 2: What to expect for BOYS

34. GROUND RULES What rules would make a safe environment to share?

35. Male Reproductive System

36. Penis Anatomy 1 Urethra • The tube through which urine and semen leaves the boy’s body Penis • Tube-like organ that hangs outside the body • Come in all sizes and shapes, determined by our genes Testicles or testes • Usually two, one hangs lower • Sometimes called balls or nuts • Where sperm are made Scrotum • Bag of skin that holds testicles • Keeps them at right temperature to make sperm, slightly cooler than body’s temperature • Gets bigger and baggier and turns a darker colour

37. Penis and Testicles 1 This diagram is only a representation. All boys’ bodies look different and penises come in many different shapes and sizes. Your penis and testicles will grow bigger and longer. Sometimes one testicle grows faster than the other, and it is natural for one to hang lower than the other. Pubic hair, will also start to grow at the base of the penis. As you get older, this hair will grow thicker and courser. Penises come in all shapes and sizes and all are very different. Your penis also doesn’t stop growing until you reach the ages of 18 to 21.

38. Erections An erection happens when extra blood flows to the penis. This causes the penis to harden and lengthen. Most erections are not straight, and tend to either curve upwards or to either side. Erections can happen at any time:- When you touch it- Have exciting/sexual thoughts- See someone attractive- Or for no reason at all!

39. Ejaculation 1 Sometimes semen (sperm and fluids) spurts out of the penis. This is called an ejaculation. It happens when muscles at the base of the penis start to expand and contract (tighten). This pushes the semen through the urethra and out through the tip of the penis. But this won’t happen every time you have an erection.

40. Wet Dreams Sometimes you can ejaculate when you are asleep. This is called a nocturnal emission, more commonly known as a “wet dream.” It happens without you knowing about it, and it’s not necessarily because you are dreaming about sex. You may notice that your pyjamas or sheets feel wet or sticky when you wake up. Most males experience wet dreams between the ages of 12 to 18. IT IS NORMAL! You will experience wet dreams less frequently as you grow older, you will have more control over your body.

41. Keeping Clean

42. What about the GIRLS?

43. The Female Reproductive System

44. What are Periods? Periods (menstruation) happen due to the hormones changing in your body. Even before birth, a girl has 1-2 million tiny eggs (Ovum) in her ovaries. When puberty is reached usually an egg is released each month from her ovaries. The egg moves from the ovary and along the fallopian tube and down into the (womb) uterus. If the egg is fertilised by sperm then a pregnancy will occur. If the egg is not fertilised then the lining of the womb and the eggleave the body through the vagina; this is called a period.

45. The Menstrual Cycle The menstrual cycle is usually 28 days. However it can vary from between 23-35 days.

46. The Period Bleeding can last between 3 and 8 days. The average blood loss is only around 80ml(roughly 3 tablespoons). Periods happen once a month but a girls body takes time do get into a routine so for the first year or so the time between each period may vary.

47. Respect between the Sexes What should girls …

48. Respect between the Sexes Have you been influenced by what you have seen in the media? Gender stereotyping

49. Respect between the Sexes What would make you respect (admire) a girl? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N433aXwj59E

50. Respect between the Sexes What ways can boys ‘disrespect’ girls? Is this fair?