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Donnerstein and Berkowitz

This study from Donnerstein and Berkowitz (1981) explores how sex and violence in films affect male subjects' willingness to aggress against women. Results show subjects exposed to sex and violence with a positive outcome were more likely to engage in aggression against female confederates. Follow-up experiments confirmed these findings. The study sheds light on the impact of erotic content on aggressive behavior towards women.

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Donnerstein and Berkowitz

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  1. Donnerstein and Berkowitz “Victim Reactions in Aggressive Erotic Films as a Factor in Violence against Women” (1981)

  2. Hypothesis • Sex + violence + positive outcome will be correlated with male subjects’ willingness to aggress against women • Behavior change

  3. Design • Male subjects are asked to write a short essay • Essay is evaluated by a research confederate (RC) which the subjects believe is another Ss • All are angered by a negative evaluation of 9 electric shocks • Ss see films • G1 sees a neutral film (talk show interview) • G2 sees a purely erotic film • G3 sees sex + violence + positive outcome • G4 sees sex + violence + negative outcome • Subjects are given an opportunity to evaluate RC

  4. Results • No significant increased aggression against female RC in G1 and G2 subjects • Aggression against female RC is significant in G3 and G4 subjects • No significant aggression against male RC

  5. Follow up experiment • Same design, except only half of the Ss are angered • All RCs are female

  6. Results • G1 subjects do not engage in aggression against female RCs • G2 subjects do not engage in aggression against female RCs • G4 subjects do not engage in aggression against female RCs • Only G3 subjects (angered, positive outcome of the sex + violence) show increased aggression against female RCs

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