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Nonverbal Communication. Nonverbal communication. As much as 90% of the social content of a message may be delivered nonverbally Initial meetings: Eye contact Posture Gestures (hand motion indicating “come here†differs in China and the U.S.) Distance (Proxemics). Nonverbal communication.
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Nonverbal communication • As much as 90% of the social content of a message may be delivered nonverbally • Initial meetings: • Eye contact • Posture • Gestures (hand motion indicating “come here” differs in China and the U.S.) • Distance (Proxemics)
Nonverbal communication • Active nonverbal behavior depends on the culture • High context culture • Nonverbal behavior – higher emphasis • Serving tea and bananas = unsuitable marriage match • Coding and decoding nonverbal behavior is unconscious
Misunderstanding nonverbal behavior • Cultural similarities • Flirting • Embarrassment • Lowered position (submission) • General differences • Smiling = embarrassment in Thailand but stupidity in Korea • Sub-cultural differences (U.S.) • Folding arms in front • Folding arms + raising eyebrows + looking away
Kinesics • Kinesics – movement as it relates to nonverbal communication, body language • Emblems: signals • V-sign in the U.S., England, Greece • Patting someone on the head • Crossing legs
Kinesics • Illustrators – gestures that reinforce speech • Pointing – offensive in Korea • Shaking hand rituals • Bowing • Exchanging cards
Kinesics • Affect displays – showing emotion • Smiling in a serious situation may mean insincerity in Korea • Females may show more emotion in a “masculine” society • Regulators – cues to encourage a speaker • Silence in Asia and the U.S.
Kinesics • Adapters – unconscious reactions • Touching hair • Hands in pockets • Touching a necktie (JFK)
Appearance • Dress • Formal • Informal • North Korean men at BCLU (pinstriped suits)
Oculesics • Oculesics – communicating with the eyes • Interest, trust, rudeness • Staring is rude in England, common in Greece • Eye contact in an interview • Eye contact in the classroom = respect or lack of interest?
Paralanguage • The sound of the language • Speaking loud = openness or rude? • Fillers - ‘er’, ‘ah’, ‘you know’, etc. • Sounds – hiss = snake or yes? • Tones – voice rising at the end of a sentence indicates a question in the U.S., not in France • Japanese – flat tone for questions
Other nonverbal behavior • Color – white for weddings or funerals? • Smell – • smelling the potential bride in the Middle East • Covering body smells with perfume • Silence – “The superior man is diligent in duty but slow to speak” • Dining – timing and food selection