Osidge Primary School KS2 Maths Presentation 9 - 9.30am

1. Osidge Primary SchoolKS2 Maths Presentation9 - 9.30am

2. The aim of the session is to… • Describe the progression in the teaching of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division • Provide information on simple ways to support maths at home

3. National Numeracy Strategy • Introduced in 1999 • Most recent update 2008 • Covers all aspects of maths teaching…. Using and applying Counting and understanding number Knowing and using number facts Calculating Understanding shape Measuring Handling data Emphasis is now securing mental strategies before moving on to written methods

4. Addition (1) Mental Maths Strategies • Learning number facts by heart e.g. bonds to 5, 10, 20, doubles/halves • Adding near multiples of 10 (compensation) e.g. 9+27 is the same as 10+27 (-1) • Partitioning numbers and adding e.g. 23 + 32 20 + 30 = 50 3 + 2 = 5 Therefore…. 23 + 32 = 55 • Resources used may include number lines and number squares - these aid mental calculation by mimicking the mental process • At this stage ‘sums’ are written horizontally to encourage the use of an efficient mental method

5. Addition (2) • When children are confident with these mental strategies (e.g. adding any two 2-digit numbers), they move on to learn a standard written column method (with carrying) e.g. 48 + 36 • Calculators are only used when focussing on the method used to solve a multi-step maths problem

6. Subtraction (1) Mental Maths Strategies • Learning number facts by heart including corresponding subtraction facts to 20 e.g. 9+8=17 … therefore … 17-9=8 …and… 17-8=9 • Subtracting near multiples of 10 (compensation) e.g. 15 – 9 = (take away 10 and compensate by adding 1) • Counting on from the lower number to the higher number e.g. 34 – 17 (use a number line to count on from 17 to 34) • As with addition, resources used may include number lines and number squares • Again, at this stage ‘sums’ are written horizontally to encourage the use of an efficient mental method

7. Subtraction (2) • When children are confident with these mental strategies (e.g. subtracting any two 2-digit numbers), they move on to learn a standard written column method (with borrowing) • e.g. 74 - 27 2132 - 327 • As with addition, calculators are only used when focussing on the method used to solve a multi-step maths problem

8. Multiplication (1) Mental Maths Strategies • Multiplication tables – by heart (up to 10 x 10) • Multiplying multiples of 10 e.g. 60 x 80 = 4800 • Multiplying a 2-digit by 1-digit number e.g. 47 x 3 = 40 x 3 = 120 7 x 3 = 21 120 + 21 = 141 • Again, at this stage ‘sums’ are written horizontally to encourage the use of an efficient mental method • Once confident, standard written methods are introduced e.g. 47 x 3 would be solved using carrying

9. Multiplication (2) Standard Methods • Grid multiplication – extends the idea of partitioning numbers and multiplying the parts e.g. 47 x 39 • Traditional standard written methods are then taught • The method type is unimportant, as long as it is reliable and efficient

10. Division (1) Mental Maths Strategies • Division facts corresponding to known multiplication facts (up to 10x10) e.g. … 7 x 8 = 56 … therefore … 56 divided by 7 is 8 … • Dividing multiples of 10 using known multiplication facts e.g. … 560 divided by 70 is 8 • Again, at this stage ‘sums’ are written horizontally to encourage the use of an efficient mental method

11. Division (2) Standard Written Methods • 462 divided by 2 • 1491 divided by 7 • 1181 divided by 5 (with a remainder or a decimal) • Long division – chunking method (repeated subtraction) e.g. 972 divided by 36