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Pharmacology

Pharmacology. The study of drugs Or the good, the bad, and the ugly. Terminology. Pharmacology : Pharmacologist : Pharmacodynamics :. Pharmacokinetics: Pharmacotherapeutics : Toxicology :. PRN q4h Stat pc BID ac po QID. hs TID qIh New ones SC IM IV.

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Pharmacology

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  1. Pharmacology The study of drugs Or the good, the bad, and the ugly

  2. Terminology Pharmacology: Pharmacologist: Pharmacodynamics:

  3. Pharmacokinetics: Pharmacotherapeutics: Toxicology:

  4. PRN q4h Stat pc BID ac po QID hs TID qIh New ones SC IM IV Commonly used abbreviationsOr how much do you remember?

  5. Sources of Drugs: Plants Original source of many medications • Digitoxin (Digitalis) Foxglove: • Quinine (Cinchona Tree) • Tamoxifin (Yew Trees) • Acetylsalicylic acid or ASA

  6. Animal source • Glandular:

  7. Animal Sources • Oil • Antitoxins

  8. Minerals

  9. Bacteria and Mold • Antibiotics • Vaccines • Escherichia coli

  10. Pharmacodynamics: Mechanism of action of the drug in the body

  11. In simpler terms You are in pain You take Advil Mechanism of action Pharmacodynamics:

  12. Pharmacodynamics of alcohol

  13. Okay lets get serious, sorry Pharmacokinetics looks at (there are four)

  14. Routes of administration

  15. Absorption: how does the drug get into the body Orally:

  16. Inhalation: Mucus membranes of nasal or oral or in the lungs

  17. Sublingual:

  18. Injections

  19. Transdermal: & Topical: Transdermal Topical

  20. Rectal & Vaginal (very vascular) No picture use your imagination

  21. Metabolism

  22. Metabolism • If most drugs are metabolize • In people with impaired liver or kidney (excretion) function • Metabolism can also be effected

  23. Distribution • How is it transported? • What is the usual means of transportation of products in the body? • How fast will it get to the target cells? • Which is faster IM injection, IV, or oral? • Why?

  24. Distribution • Also looks at how long the drug takes to reach peak plasma levels

  25. Excretion: okay so we put it in now we need to get it out

  26. Elimination • Methods of elimination include

  27. Pharmacotherapeutics • Clinical Pharmacology

  28. Drug Classification • Pharmacologic Activity: • Generic Name: • Trade Name:

  29. Pharmacotherapeutics: Indications

  30. Drug Therapy Indications • Acute • Empirical: • Maintenance:

  31. Drug Therapy Indications • Palliative: • Prophylactic: • Replacement:

  32. Drug Therapy Indications • Supportive: • Supplemental:

  33. Types of Medicines OTC: (Over the counter) Alternative Remedies: Prescription Rx Prescription controlled substance:

  34. Side Effects vs Adverse Effects • A Side Effect:

  35. Nausea Side Effect

  36. Adverse Effect • Adverse effect:

  37. Adverse Drug Reaction

  38. Drug Interactions Potentiate: (works better) Negate: Synergistic:

  39. Rights of assisting with medication • Right • Right • Right • Right • Right • Right • Right

  40. Information on a Prescription Label • Pharmacy name • File number • Client’s name • DIN (drug identification number from manufacture) • Drug name, dose, frequency, route • Number of refills • Physician’s name • Expiration date • Date filled

  41. Metro Pharmacy 905-823-4900 Tues. April 14, 2009 Refills: 0 • Farquharson, Taylor • Clarithromycin 250mg • Brand: Apo-Clarithromycin 250mg • 20 Tabs APX • Tab 1 BID ac meals • Dr. Wahba , Rasha • This medicine may be taken with or without food • Important: Finish all this medication unless otherwise directed by Prescriber

  42. Find a prescription medication List the following information Indication Absorption Distribution (Dosing schedule) Warnings Possible S/E or Adverse effects Instructions Assignment: Please hand in

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